“示范创建”:基层治理创新的一种新解释——基于西南一个基层治理现代化试点乡镇的研究

“Model Establishment”:A New Mechanism of Grassroots Governance Innovation——A Study on the Modernization Pilot Town of Grassroots Governance in Southwest China

“社区提案”“社区企业参与”“党建引领”等新做法汇聚成中国本土的“治理经验集”,行政发包制、领导小组制、中心工作制和树典型等成为中国内生而又独特的治理机制。其中关于树典型的研究多基于“点”的考量,相对缺乏从整体主义视角探究典型的“由点及面”及其关系特征,更缺乏从机制层面进行深究。研究发现,树典型是国家政权建设和管理的有效工具,与其他工作机制在形成原理、关系属性、选择偏好和效果等方面存在较大差异。改革开放以来,树典型呈现出政府从旧的“管理取向”向新的“治理取向”的转变,S省鹤山镇开展的“示范创建”创新实践案例给予了有力佐证。示范创建通过分等定级和制造接触点、组织撬动与剧场展演、资源输入和优化组合,以及制造竞争和赶工驱动等具体机制,累加式、集成式地推动基层治理现代化这一中心工作的有效落实。这在理论层面丰富了央地关系和府际关系的研究,亦为相关决策部门制定政策提供参考。

New practices such as“community proposal”,“community enterprise participation”and“Party building”lead to the“governance experience set”in China,and project system,administrative subcontract,leading group system,central work system and model building has become the endogenous and unique governance mechanisms in China.Most of the researches on the model building are based on the“point”perspective,lack of exploring the“point and surface”of the model from the perspective of holism,and lack of studying the relationship from the mechanism level.It is found that model building is an effective tool for the construction and management of state power,which is quite different from other working mechanisms in the formation principle,relationship attribute,selection preference and effect.Since the reform and opening up,the establishment of a model shows the transformation of the government from the old“management orientation”to the new“governance orientation”,which is supported by the innovative practice case of model establishment carried out by Heshan Town in S Province.Model establishment promotes the effective implementation of grassroots governance through specific mechanisms such as grading and manufacturing contact points,organization leverage and theater performance,centralized input and optimal combination of resources,manufacturing competition and rush driving.The conclusion of this study not only enriches the relationship between the central government and the local government,but also helps the relevant decision-making departments to formulate reasonable measures.