综合实践活动课程的制度构建与路径选择

Institutional Construction and Path Choice of Comprehensive Practical Activity Curriculum

综合实践活动课程的实施是新时代我国全面深化课程改革与促推中小学育人方式变革的前瞻性举措。《中小学综合实践活动课程指导纲要》的颁布为我国中小学综合实践活动课程制度的形成提供了政策支撑。然而实践中,我国中小学综合实践活动课程仍面临“传统课程制度致使综合实践活动课程制度执行呈现偏差”“综合实践活动课程制度执行需求与教师专业素养水平的非对称”“学校对综合实践活动课程制度执行的忽视与无奈”等制度困境。因此,应立足“综合实践活动课程制度落实”这一逻辑基点,依循“价值—目标—实践”的逻辑理路,以“综合课程”引领价值遵循,以“真实情境”形塑目标导向,以“完善治理”规范实践路径。进而,以“植根新制度教育学理论,实现综合实践活动课程制度情境建设”“立足地域课程资源要素,丰富综合实践活动课程制度特征内涵”“促推教师专业素养提升,赋能综合实践活动课程制度执行”“形成配套措施,构建综合实践活动课程制度环境”为路径促进综合实践活动课程制度的不断完善。

The implementation of the comprehensive practical activity curriculum is a forward-looking measure to comprehensively deepen the curriculum reform and promote the reform of education mode in primary and secondary schools in the new era.The promulgation of the Guidelines for Comprehensive Practice Activities in Primary and Secondary Schools provides policy support for the formation of the curriculum system for comprehensive practical activities in primary and secondary schools.In practice,however,the comprehensive practical activity curriculum in primary and secondary schools is still facing institutional difficulties which includes“the traditional curriculum management system causes the realization of the comprehensive practice activity curriculum system to fall into the path deviation”“the asymmetry between the demand of comprehensive practice activities curriculum system and the level of teachers’professional quality”“the neglect and helplessness to the implementation of the comprehensive practical activity curriculum of schools”.Therefore,we should base on the logical basis of“implementation of the comprehensive practical activity curriculum system”,follow the logic path of“value-goal-practice”,guide value compliance with“comprehensive curriculum”,shape goal orientation with“real situation”,and standardize practice path with“perfect governance”.Furthermore,with the paths of“rooting in the theory of new institutional pedagogy to realize the construction of comprehensive practical activity curriculum system situation”“basing on the elements of regional resources to enrich the connotation of the characteristics of the comprehensive practical activity curriculum system”“promoting teachers’professional quality to empower the implementation of the curriculum system for comprehensive practical activities”,and“constructing supporting measures to form a perfect environment for comprehensive practice activity curriculum system”to promote the continuous improvement of the comprehensive practice activity curriculum system.