德国《教师教育标准:教育素养》的修订及启示

Revision of the Standards for Teacher Education:Education Sciences in Germany and Its Enlightenment

德国各州教育和文化部长会议制定的《教师教育标准:教育素养》自2004年颁布到2019年修订完善,在着眼因应教育环境变化和科技发展的同时,较好地推进了德国教师教育的发展。通过与德国教师教育标准的比较研究发现,我国的师范生教师职业能力标准在教育实践、评价与反思、创新、数字能力、尊重并利用多样性和异质性等方面的规定尚存在有待完善的地方。德国产出导向的教师教育标准注重教育实践能力、创新能力、数字能力的培养,强调评价与反思、包容和尊重多样性,取得了积极成效,可为我国教师教育有关标准的发展完善提供有益启示。

The Standards for Teacher Training:Education Sciences was issued by the Standing Conference of the Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs of Germany in 2004 and modified in 2019. In response to the changes of educational environment and the development of science and technology, it has promoted the development of teacher education in Germany. Through a comparative study of teacher education standards both in Germany and China, this research finds that the teacher professional standards for normal students in China are macroscopic, general and imperfect in terms of educational practice, evaluation and reflection, innovation, digital capability, respect and utilization of diversity and heterogeneity, and so on. The output-oriented standards of teacher education in Germany pay attention to the cultivation of educational practical ability, innovative ability and digital ability, emphasize evaluation and reflection, tolerance and respect for diversity, and have achieved positive results, which can provide enlightenment for the development and perfection of relevant standards of teacher education in China.