从瑞应寺与卫藏安多地区的联系看清代蒙藏文化交流

On Mongolian-Tibetan Cultural Communication in Qing Dynasty from Contact between Ruiying Monastery and the Ü-Tsang-Amdo Areas

自俺答汗与三世达赖喇嘛会见以来,藏传佛教凭借蒙古贵族的推动,迅速在蒙古地区传播开来,大量藏传佛教寺院在蒙古地区兴建并发展。这些寺院在兴建与发展过程中,均尝试与卫藏及安多地区佛教中心保持联系,而这种联系则成为清代蒙藏关系的重要表现。本文拟以东部蒙古地区重要的学问寺瑞应寺为例,分析瑞应寺寺主与卫藏、安多地区重要高僧的联系,以此说明这种跨区域的蒙藏文化交流不仅促进了蒙古地区佛教文化的兴盛,而且进一步密切了蒙藏两个民族的联系,对清朝统一多民族国家的形成具有非常重要的作用。

Since the meeting between Altan Khan and the third Dalai Lama,Tibetan Buddhism has quickly spread in Mongolia promoted by the Mongolian nobles,and a large number of Tibetan Buddhist monasteries have been built up and developed in Mongolia.In the process of construction and development,these monasteries all have tried to maintain contact with the Buddhist centers ofÜ-Tsang and Amdo Areas,which became an important reflection of the Mongolia-Tibet relations in the Qing Dynasty.This article intends to take Ruiying Monastery,a significant cultural temple in eastern Mongolia,as an example to analyze the relationship between the abbot of Ruiying Monastery and important monks inÜ-Tsang and Amdo areas,so as to demonstrate the cross-regional cultural exchange between Mongolia and Tibet not only promoted the prosperity of Buddhist culture in Mongolia,but also further strengthened the connection between the Mongolia and Tibet ethnic groups.It also played an important role in the formation of Qing Dynasty as a unified multiethnic country.