乡村振兴与村庄生活共同体构建——基于湖北省H村的个案研究

Rural Revitalization and Construction of Village Livelihood Community:Case Study Based on H Village in Hubei Province

城镇化、市场化背景下,村庄生活共同体趋于式微。学界从多个层面探索村庄生活共同体的再造路径,但难以阐明国家力量如何推动村庄生活共同体的有效构建。湖北省H村的个案研究发现,农村基层自治组织引领下的社会组织建设可视为一种有效再造路径。具体而言,作为国家政策执行者的村民小组长,以乡村振兴等政策为行动依据,通过社会动员机制吸纳小组成员建立民间社会组织,经由入户商议与会议决策机制设置组织的制度规范。经此形成的社会组织满足了中老年群体对社会互助的价值需求,并付诸于乡村振兴战略实施的诸种政策实践,最终使村庄生活共同体得以建成。只有通过满足村庄社会和村民需求的体制机制的积极搭建调动起农民参与乡村建设的自觉性和积极性,激活留守型村庄的内部活力,才能实现村庄生活共同体的有效构建,而这也为新时代推进乡村社会建设提供了启示。

Under the background of urbanization and marketization,the village livelihood community is prone to decline.The academic circle explores the path of village livelihood community reconstruction from multiple perspectives,but it is difficult to clarify how national forces promote the effective construction of village livelihood community.The case study of H Village in Hubei Province found that the construction of social organizations under the guidance of rural grass-roots autonomous organizations can be regarded as an effective path of reconstruction.To be more specific,as the implementer of national policies,the villagers’group leader absorbs group members through the social mobilization mechanism and establishes civil social society organizations,and sets up the system and norms of the organization through household consultation with the conference decision-making mechanism.The social organizations formed up accordingly can meet the value needs of the middle-aged and elderly groups for social mutual assistance,and involve them into various policy practices of the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy,and finally enable the village livelihood community to be built up.It is only through active construction of the system and mechanism to meet the needs of the village society and the villagers’demand,mobilize the consciousness and enthusiasm of farmers to participate in the rural construction,and activate the internal vitality of the left-behind style villages,can we realize the effective construction of the village livelihood community.This also provides lessons to learn for the promotion of rural social construction in the new era.