拼贴画心理干预模式对HIV/AIDS患者负性情绪、服药依从性和希望水平的影响

Effect of collage psychological intervention mode on negative emotions, medication compliance and hope level of HIV/AIDS patients

目的:探讨拼贴画心理干预模式对感染人免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)所致的获得性免疫缺陷综合征(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)患者负性情绪、服药依从性和希望水平的影响。方法:选取2020年1月至2021年12月,阜阳市第二人民医院收治并施行高效反转录病毒治疗(highly active anti-retroviral therapy,HAART)的110例AIDS患者为研究对象。根据随机数字表法将患者分为对照组与观察组,每组55例。对照组实施常规护理干预模式,观察组在常规护理基础上实施拼贴画心理干预模式。两组均干预至患者出院,比较两组干预前后患者负性情绪[焦虑自评量表(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,SAS)和抑郁自评量表(Self-Rating Depression Scale,SDS)]、服药依从性、希望水平[Herth希望指数量表(Herth Hope Index Scale,HHI)]及生存质量[艾滋病患者生存质量量表(Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey,MOS-HIV)]的变化。结果:护理后,两组SAS及SDS评分均明显下降(均P<0.05),且观察组更低(均P<0.05)。两组HHI量表中积极态度、行为态度、亲密关系及量表总分均明显上升(均P<0.05),且观察组更高(均P<0.05)。观察组服药依从性总依从率高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组MOSHIV量表中各分量表评分均明显上升(均P<0.05),且观察组更高(均P<0.05)。结论:拼贴画心理干预模式能改善HIV/AIDS患者负性情绪,提高其希望水平和服药依从性,进而提高患者生存质量。

Objective: To explore the effect of collage psychological intervention mode on negative emotions, medication compliance and hope level of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) caused by human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infection.Methods: A total of 110 AIDS patients admitted to No. 2 People’s Hospital of Fuyang City and received highly active anti-retroviral therapy(HAART) from January 2020 to December 2021 were enrolled in this study. According to the random number table method, patients were divided into a control group and an observation group according to different nursing methods(n=55 in each group). The control group was given routine nursing intervention mode, and the observation group was given collage psychological intervention mode on the basis of routine nursing. The changes of negative emotions [Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)], medication compliance, hope level [Herth Hope Index Scale(HHI)], and quality of life [Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey(MOS-HIV)] of AIDS patients before and after the intervention were compared between the 2 groups.Results: After nursing, the SAS and SDS scores of the 2 groups were significantly decreased(both P<0.05), and those in the observation group were lower(both P<0.05). The positive attitude, behavioral attitude, intimacy, and total score of HHI scale in the 2 groups were significantly increased(all P<0.05), and those in the observation group were higher(all P<0.05). The total compliance rate of medication in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05). The scores of each subscale of MOS-HIV scale in the 2 groups were significantly increased(all P<0.05), and those in the observation group were higher(all P<0.05).Conclusion: The collage psychological intervention model can improve the negative emotions, hope level, and medication compliance of HIV/AIDS patients, and thus improve the quality of life of the patients.