新疆草原游牧聚落的人居环境与聚落风貌整治设计研究——以牧民定居聚落典型民居为例

The Settlement Style Renovation Design and Human Settlement of Nomadic Grassland Settlement in Xinjiang:Taking the Typical Dwelling Houses of Herdsmen Settlement as an Example

在我国生态文明建设背景下,游牧民族所经历的游牧社会向定居社会的剧烈变迁已成为不争的事实。在牧民定居化进程中,维系新型定居聚落传统风貌的传承与改善人居环境同等重要。基于此,该文以游牧民族定居聚落那拉提哈茵赛村为研究对象,挖掘与梳理该民族传统建筑环境适应性及文化底蕴,分析当代牧民定居点现存问题,并以典型民居为例,从庭院布局、建构材料、屋顶形式和装饰手法四个方面提出民居风貌整治及优化策略,试图为当代牧民定居点风貌特色的提升与塑造提供一种全过程的设计思路及技术路线。

Under the background of ecological civilization construction in China, it has become an indisputable fact that the nomadic people have experienced a drastic change from nomadic society to settled society. In the process of herdsmen settling down, maintaining the inheritance of traditional style of new settled settlements is as important as improving the comfort level of living. Based on that, taking Nalati Hainsai Village,a nomadic settlement, as the research object, we excavate and summarize the adaptability of nomadic traditional architectural environment and cultural characteristics, then we analyze the existing problems of contemporary nomadic settlements. Taking typical residential houses as an example, we put forward the style renovation strategy from four aspects: courtyard layout, construction materials, roof form and decoration techniques. We attempt to provide a whole process design idea and technical route for the improvement and shaping of the features and characteristics of contemporary herdsmen settlement.