工作场所学习视角下高技能人才成长的叙事研究

Narrative Research on the Growth of Highly-skilled Talents from the Perspective of Workplace Learning

高技能人才在工作场所中的成长是一个动态的过程,需适应不同的情境变化。从高技能人才的成长过程来看,他们在不同时期有相应的学习目标。从知识震荡期的“概念性知识”到知识适应期的“程序性知识”,再到知识熟练期的“创新性知识”,高技能人才的成长总体呈螺旋上升趋势。有效的工作场所学习策略能保证高技能人才对学习内容的掌握。在知识震荡期,高技能人才主要通过导师制、职业培训、工作指南、边缘性活动等方式累积概念性知识;在知识适应期,高技能人才主要通过熟练员工的指导、充分性实践活动和环境的干预等方式实现程序性知识的顺应;在知识熟练期,主要通过合作学习、全面性活动以及与环境的互动等方式拓展创新性知识。

The growth of highly-skilled talents in the workplace is a dynamic process that needs to adapt to different situations. Based on the growth process of highly-skilled talents, it is found that they have different learning objectives in different periods. From "conceptual knowledge" in the period of knowledge shock to "procedural knowledge" in the period of knowledge adaptation,and then to "innovative knowledge" in the period of knowledge proficiency, the growth of highly-skilled talents has generally shown a spiral upward trend. Effective workplace learning strategies can ensure that highly-skilled talents master the learning content. In the period of knowledge shock, highly-skilled talents mainly accumulate "conceptual knowledge" by the means of "mentor system", "vocational training", "work guide", and "marginal activities";in the period of knowledge adaptation, highly-skilled talents mainly achieve the accommodation of procedural knowledge by "the guidance of skilled employees", "sufficient activities" and "environmental intervention";in the period of knowledge proficiency, innovative knowledge is mainly achieved through "cooperative learning", "comprehensive activities" and "environmental interaction".