岩石冻融损伤机理研究进展及展望

Research Progress and Prospect on Freeze-thaw Damage Mechanism of Rocks

岩石冻融损伤机理的研究对寒区公路、铁路等工程建设具有重要意义。通过文献调研发现,岩石冻融损伤机理研究主要包括岩石冻融损伤的影响因素、冻融损伤的劣化模式、冻融岩石的细观结构和力学性质这4方面的内容。对以上4方面的国内外研究现状进行综述,总结归纳出岩石的冻融损伤机理,并提出了当前研究的难点与不足。最后依据岩石冻融损伤机理研究的难点与不足,提出未来的研究工作可以从以下几方面开展:开展冻融循环周期对岩石损伤影响的试验研究;探究裂隙或节理的初始饱和度对岩石冻融损伤的影响规律;建立冻融作用下岩石未冻水含量的计算模型及岩石的多相多场耦合模型;进行多因素综合作用和不同应力环境下冻融岩石力学性质的试验研究,重点研究岩石动力学特性的变化规律及动态本构模型的建立。

The study of the freeze-thaw damage mechanism of rocks is crucial for engineering construction in cold regions. Through a literature investigation, it is found that the research on this topic mainly focuses on four aspects: influencing factors of freeze-thaw damage, deterioration modes caused by freeze-thaw damage, meso-structure of freeze-thaw rocks, and mechanical properties of freeze-thaw rocks. By summarizing the research status of these aspects both domestically and internationally, the freeze-thaw damage mechanism of rocks is deduced, and the difficulties and shortcomings of current research are identified. Finally, based on the identified difficulties and shortcomings, it is proposed that the future research work can be carried out from the following aspects: Carry out experimental research on the influence of freeze-thaw cycle on rocks damage;Explore the influence of initial saturation of cracks or joints on freezing and thawing damage of rocks;Establish the calculation model of unfrozen water content of rock under freeze-thaw action and the multiphase and multi-field coupling model of rock;Study experimentally the mechanical properties of frozen-thawed rocks under multi-factor comprehensive action and different stress environments, with emphasis on the change law of rock dynamic characteristics and the establishment of dynamic constitutive model.