京津冀区域人为源VOCs排放特征及管控策略

Emission Characteristics and Priority Classification Control of Anthropogenic VOCs Sources in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

挥发性有机物(volatile organic compounds,VO_(3)Cs)是细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))与臭氧(O_(3)3)的重要前体物,对我国城市复合污染的形成有重要影响,京津冀区域大气污染问题严峻,VO_(3)Cs排放源类别复杂,且排放量基数大,亟需形成有效的VO_(3)Cs管控策略.因此选取京津冀区域人为源VO_(3)Cs排放为研究对象,建立2018年分行业分物种VO_(3)Cs排放清单,并基于实测与文献调研的行业VO_(3)Cs成分谱数据,获取各排放源臭氧生成潜势(ozone formation potential,O_(3)FP)与二次有机气溶胶生成潜势(secondary organic aerosol formation potential,SO_(3)AP),同时构建VO_(3)Cs排放源优先控制分级技术方法,计算各排放源分级指数,明确优先控制排放源目标.结果表明:(1)京津冀区域2018年人为源VO_(3)Cs排放总量为214.0×10^(4)t,其中芳香烃、烷烃与含氧有机物为主要物种.(2)小型客车、工业防护涂料、重型货车、焦化行业是O_(3)FP与SO_(3)AP的最主要来源.(3)工业防护涂料、小型客车、重型货车、焦化行业、钢铁行业、供暖燃烧、生物质燃烧源的分级指数均较高.研究显示,基于行业VO_(3)Cs排放量、O_(3)FP和SO_(3)AP的单一因素制定管控策略存在一定的局限性,为了实现PM_(2.5)与O_(3)3的科学协同防控,建议加强基于综合因素研究得到的分级指数较高排放源的控制.

Volatile organic compounds(VO_(3)Cs)are important precursors of fine particulate matter and ozone,and have a significant impact on the formation of complex pollution in China.The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region is suffering from serious air pollution problem,with complex VO_(3)Cs sources and large amount of emissions.Thus,it is urgent to form a VO_(3)Cs control strategy based on atmospheric reactivity.The anthropogenic VO_(3)Cs emission sources of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region were taken as the research object,an 2018 emission inventory covering various industries and species was established.The VO_(3)Cs spectra were obtained from field observations and collection of previous studies.The ozone formation potential(O_(3)FP)and secondary organic aerosol formation potential(SO_(3)AP)of different sources were thus acquired.The VO_(3)Cs emission source priority control classification technology method was constructed.The classification index of each emission source was calculated and emission sources for priority control were identified.The results showed that:(1)The total amount of anthropogenic VO_(3)Cs emissions in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region in 2018 was 2.140 million tons,and main components were arranged in the order of aromatic hydrocarbons,alkanes and oxygenated organic compounds.(2)Small buses,industrial protective coatings,heavy goods vehicles,coking industry were the predominant sources of O_(3)FP and SO_(3)AP.(3)The classification index was calculated based on the emissions of various sources,industrial protective coatings,small buses,heavy goods vehicles,coking,steel,heating combustion,biomass combustion ranked in the top.It was indicated that there were certain limitations in formulating control strategies based on the single factor of industry VO_(3)Cs emissions,O_(3)FP and SO_(3)AP.In order to achieve the scientific and collaborative prevention and control of PM_(2.5)and O_(3)3,it is suggested to strengthen the control of the emission sources obtained based on multi factors.