基于3S的安徽省煤矿采空塌陷区现状与治理对策研究

A 3S-based study on the current status and countermeasures for the collapse of mined-out areas in Anhui Province

伴随着煤矿资源的大规模开发利用,煤矿地质环境问题日趋严重,现已成为社会经济发展的制约因素。为了查明安徽省煤矿采空塌陷区灾害现状、分析塌陷区变化趋势、总结安徽省采煤塌陷区的治理对策和方法,主要以2016-2017年获取的安徽省国产高分卫星遥感影像数据为信息源,采用3S技术手段开展遥感影像数据处理、解译、分析及野外调查等各项工作。研究得出如下结论:①安徽省2017年矿山采空塌陷区总面积为396.62 km^(2),占安徽省国土面积的0.28%;②矿山塌陷区面积及数量的增长速度相较往年有所减缓;③提出了1套治理对策及4种治理方法。结果表明,采用3S技术对安徽省开展矿山环境遥感监测获得的数据成果质量良好,能够宏观、高效、准确地提取相关数据信息,从而大大提高了矿山地质灾害治理的工作效率,为今后煤矿塌陷区的恢复治理及可持续开发提供技术支持。

With the large-scale exploitation and utilization of coal resources,the geological environmental problems of coal mines have been increasingly severe,thus restricting social and economic development.This study aims to ascertain the disaster status of the collapse of the mined-out areas in Anhui Province,analyze the changing trend of the collapse areas,and summarize the countermeasures and methods for the collapse areas.With 2016—2017 remote sensing images of Anhui Province obtained from domestic GF satellites as an information source,this study conducted the processing,interpretation,and analysis of the remote sensing images and field surveys using the 3S technology(the collective term of remote sensing,global position system,and geographical information system).The results are as follows:①The total area of the collapse areas in 2017 was 396.62 km^(2),accounting for 0.28%of the land area of the province;②The growth rate of the area and quantity of collapse areas decreased compared with those in previous years;③A set of countermeasures and four treatment methods were proposed.As revealed by the results,the 3S technology-based remote sensing monitoring of the mine environment in Anhui Province can be used to produce high-quality data and extract relevant data information macroscopically,efficiently,and accurately,thus greatly improving the treatment efficiency of mine geological disasters.This study will provide technical support for the restoration,treatment,and sustainable development of the collapse areas of coal mines in the future.