吞咽障碍筛查与前瞻性干预对神经外科住院患者吸入性肺部感染的影响

Effects of dysphagia screening and prospective intervention on inhalation pulmonary infections in hospitalized neurosurgery patients

目的回顾性分析吞咽障碍筛查及前瞻性干预对神经外科住院患者吸入性肺部感染的影响。方法选取2020年1月~2022年1月住院的348例患者为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组174例。对照组行常规干预治疗,观察组行吞咽障碍前瞻性干预治疗,比较两组患者疗效及肺部感染情况。结果对照组吞咽障碍46例,检出率为26.43%,观察组吞咽障碍65例,检出率为37.35%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.0382);治疗4周后对照组发生吸入性肺部感染23例(13.21%),观察组吸入性肺部感染9例(5.17%);两组感染率比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.0148);对照组临床疗效总有效率为43.47%,观察组临床疗效总有效率为67.69%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.0124)。结论吞咽障碍筛查能有效提高吞咽障碍患者的检出率,前瞻性干预患者的吞咽功能障碍可明显减少吸入性肺炎的发生率,促进患者康复。

Objective To determine the effect of dysphagia screening and prospective intervention on inhalation pulmonary infections in hospitalized neurosurgery patients.Methods The clinical data of 384 patients were selected as the research objects form January 2020 to January 2022 in the hospital,and were divided into two groups randomly,with 174 cases in each group.Patients were received conventional intervention in control group,and the other patients were used dysphagia prospective intervention in observation group.The efficacy and the incidence of inhalation pulmonary infections were compared between the two groups.Results There were 46 cases of dysphagia in control group,with the detection rate of 26.43%,and 65 cases in observation group,with the detection rate of 37.35%,which was statistically significant(P=0.0382).After 4 weeks of treatment,in terms of the clinical curative effect,the total effective rate of control group was 43.47%,and the total effective rate of observation group was 67.69%,and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.0124).Twenty-three cases had inhalation pulmonary infection in control group,with the infection rate of 13.21%,and 9 cases in observation group,with the infection rate of 5.17%,which was statistically significant(P=0.0148).Conclusion Dysphagia screening can improve the detection rate of dysphagia,and can reduce the incidence of inhalation pulmonary infections and improve the treatment effect combined with dysphagia prospective intervention.