空间重复锥杆卡爪式连接分离机构设计与分析

Design and Analysis of Space Reusable Rod-Cone-Claw Type Connection and Separation Mechanism

为满足航空宇航领域中对可重复连接分离技术的需求,提出了一种小型轻量化、有容差、高承载和高刚度的空间重复锥杆卡爪式连接分离机构.采用ANSYS Workbench软件对空间重复连接分离机构进行静力学仿真校核其高承载能力,采用ADAMS软件建立该机构的运动学模型并验证其运动可行性.基于等效弹簧接触模型建立了空间重复锥杆卡爪式连接分离机构的连接刚度显示表达式,利用ANSYS Workbench软件分析在无预紧力条件下和仅有预紧力条件下的刚度,并进行线性函数拟合.结合线性规划方法,优化了预紧力使刚度和承载能力同时最大化.最后,研制原理样机,开展10次以上重复连接与分离实验,证明了该设计的有效性.通过研制重复锥杆卡爪式连接分离机构,为其在飞行器交会对接、卫星在轨服务、天线重复展开和大型宇航结构在轨构造等工程应用领域提供技术支撑.

To meet the demand for reusable connection and separation technology in the aerospace field,a space reusable rod-cone-claw type connection and separation mechanism with the advantages of lightweight,limited tolerance,high load-bearing,and high stiffness was proposed in this paper.The static simulation of the space reusable connection and separation mechanism based on ANSYS Workbench was implemented to check its high bearing capacity.The kinematic simulation of the mechanism was conducted by ADAMS software to verify the motion feasibility.Based on the equivalent spring contact model,the display expression of the connection stiffness of the space reusable rod-cone-claw type connection and separation mechanism was established.The stiffness values of the reusable connection and separation mechanisms under the condition of no preload and only under the condition of preload were analyzed using ANSYS Workbench software,and the first-order polynomial function was fitted to the stiffness.Combined with the linear programming method,the preload value was optimized to maximize both stiffness and load-bearing capacity.Finally,the principal prototype of space reusable rod-cone-claw type connection and separation mechanism was developed,and 10 repeated connection and separation experiments were carried out to prove the effectiveness of the design.The design of the space reusable rod-cone-claw type connection and separation mechanism provides theoretical and technical support for its application in engineering applications such as aircraft rendezvous and docking,satellite on-orbit service,antenna repeated de-ployment,and large-scale aerospace structure on-orbit construction.