基于地理加权回归模型的福建传统村落可达性及影响因素

Accessibility and Influencing Factorsof Traditional Villages in Fujian Province Based on GWR Model

为探究传统村落在市域范围的可达性水平差异及影响因素,本研究以1027个国家级、省级传统村落为主要研究对象,采用GIS核密度分析法探究其空间分布格局,运用高德地图实时获取各个地级市驾车至传统村落的最短出行时间,通过地理加权回归模型测算出行时间与高程、坡度、路网密度等级、人口密度的相关程度及空间异质性。结果表明:(1)传统村落呈东北向西南的多核中心轴线分布;(2)可达性空间分布呈多核心散布的特征;(3)可达性水平影响因子在空间上存在异质性,即高程值对可达性的影响主要呈中部向北部与南部减弱的特点,坡度对可达性的影响主要呈四周低、中部偏北地区高的特点,人口密度对可达性的影响主要呈中部向西部阶梯式升高的特点,路网密度等级对可达性的影响由中部向四周降低。

In order to understand the variation in accessibility of traditional villages in prefecture cities and determine its influencing factors,the paper takes 1027 provincial and national traditional villages to explore the spatial distribution pattern using the method of kernel density of GIS and obtain real-time data of the shortest drive time from prefecture cities to the traditional villages using Gold Map.The GWR model is used to measure the correlations between travel time and elevation,slope,road network density and population density and their spatial heterogeneity.The results show that:(1)Traditional villages are distributed along a three-core central axis from northeast to southeast;(2)The spatial distribution of accessibility is characterized by multi-core distribution;and(3)The influencing factors to accessibility presents the spatial heterogeneity in their influences.The influence of elevation value on accessibility mainly drops from the central to the north and the south,the impact of slope on accessibility is higher in the northern part of central China and lower in the surrounding areas,the influence of of population density on the accessibility increases gradually from the middle region to the west region,and the influence of road network density on accessibility decreases from middle region to the surrounding region.