粮食主产区政策与农户收入不平等

The Policy of Major Grain Producing Areas and Farmers’Income Inequality

基于2015年中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)数据,使用再中心化影响函数(RIF)回归及分解方法分别考察粮食主产区政策对农户收入不平等的影响以及粮食主产区与非粮食主产区农户收入不平等差异的来源。结果表明:粮食主产区政策加剧了农户收入不平等,且使得粮食主产区与非粮食主产区的农户收入不平等差距扩大;尽管粮食主产区与非粮食主产区的农户收入不平等差异受健康状况、金融认知水平、人情礼收入等因素有关,但主要与系数效应有关。进一步分析发现,粮食主产区政策加剧了农户家庭经营性收入不平等,但对工资性收入不平等具有削减功能;土地规模差异会强化粮食主产区政策对农户收入不平等的影响,而社会公平、自由经济环境则会缓解粮食主产区政策对农户收入不平等的影响。

Based on Household Finance Survey data of 2015 in China,this paper uses the method of RIF regression decomposition to empirically analyze the impact and mechanism of policy of major grain producing areas on farmers′income gap.The results show that the policy of major grain producing areas has aggravated the income gap of farmers,and the income gap of farmers in major grain producing areas is significantly bigger than that of non-major grain producing areas.The coefficient effect is the main cause of income gap between farmers in major and non-major grain-producing areas.Among the characteristic effects,health status,financial cognition level,cash gift income and regional characteristics contributed importantly to the income inequality among farmers.Further analysis shows that the policy of major grain producing areas also helped the income inequality,however,it alleviated the wage income gap.In view of this,the government should adhere to the policy support and investment focus on low-income farmers,while promoting the moderate scale of land management,establishing a fair and free economic environment,and providing impetus to narrow the income gap.