洪水对长江口风暴潮的影响

Effects of flood on storm surge at the Yangtze River Estuary

河口地区容易遭受洪水和风暴潮复合作用的影响。通过对长江大通站流量长周期序列分析,采用FVCOM建立三维河口风暴潮模型,研究了长江口风暴潮对径流的响应。结论如下:1)长江口天文高潮位(风暴高潮位)随径流的增加而抬升,两者线性关系极强,可为河口洪水和风暴潮的预报提供参考。2)对于给定的天文潮(风暴潮)情景,水位增长率只与站点所在位置有关,且越往上游水位增长率越大。3)风暴增水在江阴段取得峰值,在江阴以上的感潮河段随着流量增大而减小,在江阴以下的河口段变化不明显。

Estuarine areas are vulnerable to the compound effect of flood and storm surges.This paper investigates the response of storm surges at the Yangtze River Estuary to the runoff by analyzing the long-period runoff time-series of Datong Station on the Yangtze River and constructing a three-dimensional(3D)model of storm surges at an estuary with the finite-volume community ocean model(FVCOM).The results suggest the following conclusions:1)The high astronomical(or storm)tide level at the Yangtze River Estuary rises as the runoff increases.They are in a highly linear relationship and can serve as a reference for the forecast of flood and storm surges at estuaries.2)In a given astronomical tide(storm surge)scenario,the water level growth rate only depends on the station s location.The water level growth rate is higher further in the upstream.3)The storm surge elevation reaches its maximum in the Jiangyin reach,decreases as the runoff increases in the upstream tidal reach from the Jiangyin reach,and undergoes no evident changes in the downstream estuary reach from the Jiangyin reach.