迪奥斯科里德斯古典药学观念研究述略——基于对《药物志》的考察

A Research on Dioscorides’Classical Concept of Pharmacy——Based on a Study on De Materia Medica

迪奥斯科里德斯是古典时代著名药学家,他创建了崭新的药学组织方式,为近代药学分科提供了重要借鉴。他强调药学的专业性,紧密围绕药物特点和药效开展研究,观察方法呈现系统性和多样性特征,覆盖从药物识别、采集、制备到使用全过程,且关照临床与剂量限制。他重视地理学与药学的联系,明确田野实地考察的不可替代性。药物特性中心观、科学观察和田野实证是迪奥斯科里德斯药学理念的主体内容,这些奠定了他在古典药学发展历史中的卓越地位。

Dioscorides,a famous pharmacist in the classical era,has created a new way of organizing pharmacy,which provides an important reference for the modern division of pharmacy.He emphasizes the professionalism of pharmacy and carries on research based on the characteristics and efficacy of medication.He adopts systematic and diversified observation methods,covering the whole process from the identification,the collection,the preparation,to the use of medication and paying attention to the clinical and dosage limits.He attaches importance to the connection between geography and pharmacy and emphasizes the irreplaceable nature of fieldwork.Dioscorides’concept of pharmacy centers on medication properties,scientific observation,and field study,which helps establish his outstanding position in the history of the development of classical pharmacy.