分汊河道闸前流态优化水工模型试验研究

Hydraulic model test of flow pattern optimization in front of sluice in braided river

分汊河道汇流区流态复杂,当水闸距离汇流区较近时,应通过整体水工模型试验来验证整流优化措施能否满足水闸工程的功能要求。以武障河闸工程为例,开展了武障河闸上下游河道定床水工模型试验,依据试验结果,确定了流态优化最佳方案。结果表明:采用方案3导水堤加闸上游布置镂空式整流底坎的方案,可使上游流场得到明显改善,水流到闸前段时偏流现象已不明显,可满足工程安全运行要求。

The flow pattern in the confluence area of bifurcated rivers is complex when the sluice is close to the confluence area.The overall hydraulic model test should be conducted to verify whether the rectification optimization measures can meet the functional requirements of the sluice project.Taking the Wuzhang River Sluice Project as an example,a fixed bed hydraulic model test of upstream and downstream channels of the Wuzhang River Sluice was carried out.Based on the test results,the optimal scheme for flow pattern optimization was determined.The results showed that scheme 3 was adopted,which added a hollow rectifier sill at the upstream of the sluice to the diversion dike.It can significantly improve the upstream flow field,stabilize the flow field at the surface,bottom and layer,and eliminate the deflection phenomenon when the water flew to the front section of the gate,which can meet the requirements of engineering functions.