应对雨洪挑战的城市滨水码头区蓝绿空间耦合设计研究

Green-Blue Spatial Coupling Design Research of Urban Docklands in Response to Flooding Challenge

全球应对气候变化背景下,雨洪挑战是城市韧性体系构建的核心议题。聚焦滨水码头区这类城市灰色基础设施,提出蓝绿空间耦合优化对城市滨水码头区应对雨洪挑战起到积极作用。选取上海市黄浦江中北段典型滨水码头区开展实证研究,构建适用于量化评价滨水码头区雨洪韧性水平的指标体系以及能表征场地尺度蓝绿空间耦合关系的指标,旨在揭示影响滨水码头区雨洪韧性水平的蓝绿空间耦合关键指标。结果表明:(1)上海黄浦江滨水码头区各典型样段现有雨洪韧性水平与蓝绿空间耦合程度分异较大;(2)蓝绿耦合度(C)、蓝绿耦合发展协调度(D)是影响滨水码头区雨洪韧性水平的两项关键指标,可综合考虑雨洪韧性与蓝绿耦合的协同提升。针对不同空间类型码头区,总结归纳4种蓝绿耦合的空间优化模式,为城市滨水码头区的雨洪韧性提升提供技术支撑,从而实现城市滨水码头区从灰色基础设施向高品质蓝绿基础设施的转型。

In the context of the global response to climate change,stormwater is a critical issue that is challenging the construction of urban resilience systems.This paper focuses on the urban gray infrastructure of docklands and suggests that coupled blue-green spatial optimization can play a positive role in solving stormwater challenges in urban waterfront docklands.Several typical docklands located in the north-central section of the Huangpu River in Shanghai are selected as the case study.An index system is set up to quantitatively evaluate different levels of stormwater resilience of the docklands.The indicators that can characterize the relationships between the blue-green spatial coupling of different docklands at the site scale are also established.This paper aims to reveal key blue-green spatial coupling indicators that affect the level of stormwater resilience of the waterfront dock area.The results show that:(1)The existing stormwater resilience levels and the degrees of blue-green spatial coupling have spatial disparity in typical docklands along Huangpu River in Shanghai;(2)The blue-green coupling degree(C)and the blue-green coupling development coordination degree(D)are two key indicators affecting the stormwater resilience levels of the dock areas,and therefore the synergistic enhancement of stormwater resilience and blue-green coupling can be considered comprehensively.In terms of different spatial types of docklands,the paper summarizes four spatial optimization modes of blue-green coupling,which provide technical support for improving the stormwater resilience of urban waterfront wharf areas,and for realizing the transformation of urban docklands from gray infrastructure to high-quality blue-green infrastructure.