农民工返乡创业行为对乡村振兴的影响效应分析

An Analysis of The Impact of Migrant Workers’Returning Entrepreneurship Behavior on Rural Revitalization

以2014—2018年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据为基础,运用固定效应模型考察了农民工返乡创业对乡村振兴的影响效应,以期厘清农民工返乡创业与乡村振兴之间的逻辑关系,为乡村振兴战略的实施提供参考。研究发现:(1)农民工返乡创业总体上对乡村振兴具有显著促进效应,能够为乡村振兴增加新的动能。(2)农民工返乡创业行为能够改变乡村原有产业结构和传统发展模式,为乡村生态宜居提供资金支持,有效提高乡村治理能力,从而实现乡村居民物质生活和精神生活富裕的目标。(3)农民工返乡创业行为对乡村振兴的影响具有区域差异性:东部、中部和西部地区农民工返乡创业行为对乡村振兴具有促进效应,东北地区农民工返乡创业由于规模较小而对乡村振兴的影响不显著。基于以上结论,提出优化返乡创业外部环境、健全帮扶政策、强化专业技能培训、因地制宜地制定返乡创业政策等建议。

Based on the data of Chinese household tracking survey from 2014 to 2018,this paper uses the fixed effect model to investigate the impact of migrant workers returning to their hometown to start their own businesses on rural revitalization.The purpose of is to clarify the logical relationship between migrant workers returning to their hometown to start their own businesses and rural revitalization and provide reference for the implementation of rural revitalization strategy.The are following findings:(1)The return of migrant workers to their hometowns to start their own businesses has a significant promoting effect on rural revitalization in general,and can add new impetus to rural revitalization;(2)Migrant workers returning to their hometowns to start their own businesses can change the original industrial structure and traditional development mode of rural areas,provide financial support for rural ecological livable,effectively improve rural governance capacity,and achieve the goal of rural residents’material and spiritual well-being;(3)There are regional differences in the impact of migrant workers’entrepreneurial behavior on rural revitalization.The entrepreneurial behavior of migrant workers returning to their hometown in the eastern,central and western regions has a promoting effect on rural revitalization,while the return of migrant workers in Northeast China has no significant impact on rural revitalization because of its small scale.Based on the above conclusion,this paper puts forward some suggestions,such as optimizing the external environment of returning home to start a business,perfecting the policy of helping,strengthening the training of professional skills,and formulating the policy of returning home to start a business according to local conditions.