水稻的雌性不育研究进展

Research Progress of Female Sterility of Rice

水稻雌性不育是由水稻雌性器官发育异常引起的不育。随着生物技术及功能基因组学的发展,对雌性不育的研究已从细胞学水平过渡到对分子机理的探索。科研工作者不断挖掘新的水稻雌性不育突变体,也定位和克隆到一些水稻雌配子发育相关基因。由于雌配子体发育过程的复杂性,导致水稻雌配子发育调控网络中的分子机理研究还有所欠缺。本研究通过水稻雌性不育的突变类型、雌性器官发育异常导致的基因突变,描述了水稻雌性不育的发生机理及雌性不育突变材料在机械化制种中的应用,为雌性不育的深入研究提供理论依据。

Female sterility of rice is caused by the abnormal development of the female organs of rice. With the development of biotechnology and functional genomics, the research on female sterility has transitioned from the cytology level to the exploration of molecular mechanisms. Researchers continue to excavate new female sterile mutants in rice, and also locate and clone some genes related to the development of female gametes in rice. Due to the complexity of the development process of female gametophytes, there is still a lack of molecular mechanism research in the regulation network of rice female gametophyte development. This research describes the mechanism of female sterility in rice and the application of female sterile mutant materials in mechanized seed production through the types of mutations of female sterility in rice and gene mutations caused by abnormal development of female organs, provide a theoretical basis for the in-depth study of female sterility of rice.