北方优质粳稻品种产量、品质对温光响应特征及适应性

Response Characteristics and Adaptability of Yield and Quality of Japonica Rice Varieties to Warm and Light in Northern China

为探明北方优质粳稻品种对不同温光资源的响应特征及适应性,本试验以北方优质粳稻品种‘松粳9’、‘龙稻18’、‘龙洋16’、‘松粳22’为研究材料,‘吉粳88’为对照,通过跨区种植,进行水稻适应性鉴定,对不同区域种植水稻品种的产量和品质进行了分析,重点研究了北方优质粳稻品质形成与灌浆期各气象因子的相关性。试验结果表明,‘松粳9’、‘松粳22’两个品种的产量与品质性状表现均接近对照‘吉粳88’,适合作为备选品种引进吉林地区;不同温光因子作用下,龙井地区各品种品质性状除蛋白质含量外其他均优于五常地区,分析龙井地区各品种灌浆后期15 d气象因子与品质相关性发现,灌浆后期15 d各气象因子对水稻加工品质影响最大,对食味值影响最小。且北方优质中熟品种在灌浆后期15 d适宜温度区间为日平均温(18.66±2.44)℃、日最高温(23.91±2.66)℃、日最低温(14.66±3.63)℃、温差(9.25±4.01)℃、日平均日照(5.82±3.47)℃。

In order to find out the corresponding characteristics and adaptability of high quality japonica rice varieties in northern China to different temperature and light resources, this experiment used high quality japonica rice varieties ’Songjing9’, ’Longdao18’, ’Longyang16’ and ’Songjing22’ as research materials and ’Jijing88’ as control. In contrast, the adaptation of rice was carried out by inter-regional planting, and the correlation between meteorological factors and quality expression in the high-quality japonica rice filling stage was studied. The results showed that the yield and quality traits of the tested varieties of ’Songjing9’ and ’Songjing22’ were close to that of’Jijing88’, which was suitable as an alternative species to be introduced into Jilin area. Under the action of different light and light factors, the quality traits of various varieties in Longjing area were better than those in Wuchang area except protein content. The correlation between the meteorological factors and the quality of of varieties in Longjing area at 15 days of late filling stage showed that the meteorological factors had the greatest influence on the processing quality of rice and the least influence on the taste value.The optimum temperature range of highquality mid-maturing varieties in northern China was(18.66±2.44) ℃, the highest daily temperature was(23.91±2.66) ℃, the daily minimum tem-perature was(14.66±3.63) ℃, the temperature difference was(9.25±4.01) ℃, and the daily average sunshine was(5.82±3.47) ℃.