牛粪中重金属铜在好氧堆肥过程中的形态变化

Morphological Changes of Heavy Metal Copper in Cattle Manure During Aerobic Composting

笔者以牛粪为试验原料,以重金属铜为研究对象,利用好氧堆肥处理工艺,监测牛粪中重金属铜在堆肥过程中不同形态分配率的变化情况。结论如下:(1)好氧堆肥期间“浓缩效应”导致牛粪中重金属铜总质量分数在69.74~112.52 mg/kg之间呈上升趋势。(2)氧化态重金属铜在新鲜牛粪中分配率最高,为50.84%,随着好氧堆肥的进行先下降后上升。可交换态重金属铜的分配率较高,为32.66%,随着好氧堆肥的进行先上升后下降。还原态重金属铜的分配率变化情况与可交换态类似。残渣态重金属铜的分配率集中在4.28%~7.71%,随好氧堆肥呈上升趋势。(3)好氧堆肥对牛粪影响体现在氧化态和可交换态的转化,形态变化主要发生在好氧堆肥的前中期,堆肥后期牛粪理化性质逐渐稳定,重金属铜的形态变化也随之放缓。

In this experiment,we used cattle manure as the test material and heavy metal Cu as the research object to monitor the changes in the distribution rate of heavy metal Cu in cattle manure in different forms during the composting process using aerobic composting treatment process.The results were as follows:1.The concentration of Cu in cattle manure increased from 69.74 to 112.52 mg/kg during the aerobic composting process due to the “concentration effect”.2.The distribution rate of Cu in the exchangeable state was higher,32.66%,and increased and then decreased with aerobic composting,the distribution rate of Cu in the reduced state was similar to that of the exchangeable state,and the distribution rate of Cu in the residual state was concentrated in the range of 4.28%-7.71%,with an increasing trend with aerobic composting.3.The morphological changes mainly occurred in the first and middle stages of aerobic composting,and the physical and chemical properties of cattle manure gradually stabilized in the later stages of composting,and the morphological changes of heavy metal Cu slowed down.