生态设计思想影响下的形式与功能关系——以西方3类景观实践为例

The Relationship Between Spatial Form and Function under the Influence of Ecological Design:Taking Three Types of Western Landscape Practices as Examples

艺术与技术在现代园林设计理论中之所以出现“孰轻孰重”之辩论,价值观迥异的生态设计思想是重要的助推因素之一。文章首先通过梳理西方多元的理论思想,揭示其蕴含不同侧重的景观营建愿景。其次结合优秀案例总结生态优先、生态融合、生态感知3类景观实践中园林形式、生态功能、游憩功能之间的关系。在此基础上探讨了理论愿景与实践之间的耦合关联性,明晰生态设计思想对于构建西方现代园林形式与功能关系的深刻影响。

The reason for the debate of "what is more important" between art and technology in modern landscape design theory is that ecological design ideas with different values are one of the important boosting factors. The article firstly reveals the landscape construction visions with different emphases by sorting out the diverse theoretical thoughts. Secondly, it summarizes the logical and spatial relationship between landscape form, ecology and recreational functions in three design practices of ecological priority, ecological integration and ecological perception based on excellent cases. On this basis, the complex relationship between theoretical vision and practice is discussed, and the profound influence of ecological design thinking on the construction of the relationship between the form and function of Western modern landscapes is clarified.