比例原则规约算法行政的法理基础与路径

The Jurisprudential Basis and Path of Proportional Principle Regulating Algorithmic Governmentality

算法行政存在边界。权力制约与损益均衡是比例原则规约算法行政的法理基础。以政府对数字接触追踪技术的应用为分析对象,发现存在违背比例原则的算法行政实践样态,表现为目的与手段的不当联结、对公民造成非最小损害以及公共利益与个体损益的比例性失衡。为此,需要从适当性、必要性和均衡性三个维度对算法行政进行比例原则规约,明确算法行政的目的及其边界,坚持最小必要原则,实现目的与手段均衡,以确保算法行政在法治的轨道上运行。

There are boundaries in algorithmic governmentality.Power restriction and profit-loss balance are the jurisprudential basis of proportional principle regulating algorithmic governmentality.Taking the application of digital contact tracing technology by the government as the analysis object,it is found that there are some algorithmic government patterns that violate the principle of proportion,which are the improper connection of ends and means,the non-minimal damage to citizens,and the proportional imbalance between public interests and individual damages.Therefore,it is necessary to regulate the algorithmic governmentality from three dimensions of appropriateness,necessity and equilibrium,clarifying the purpose and boundary of algorithmic governmentality,adhering to the principle of least necessity,and realizing the balance between ends and means,so as to ensure that algorithmic governmentality operate on the track of rule of law.