基于社会网络分析的重大自然灾害事件线上社会支持寻求与供给研究

Research on Online Social Support Seeking and Supply of Major Natural Disaster Events Based on Social Network Analysis

[研究目的]新媒体时代,以新浪微博为代表的社交媒体平台已成为灾难报道的中坚力量。探究重大自然灾害事件中线上社会支持寻求与供给信息的扩散特征和转换关系,能够为社会支持效果研究提供新视角。[研究方法]该研究以新浪微博为数据源,运用机器学习模型将社会支持信息分为供给维度的“消息信息”“意见信息”“情绪信息”和寻求维度的“行动信息”,并从扩散结构、转换规律和信息特征三方面进行研究。[研究结论]结果表明,社会支持信息在扩散过程中存在寻求与供给错位的特征,弱势群体在寻求线上社会支持时面临原创信息边缘化和借力传播效果不佳的双重困局。

[Research purpose]In the era of new media,the social media platform represented by Sina Weibo has become the backbone of disaster reporting.Exploring the diffusion characteristics and transformation relationship between social support seeking and supply information in major natural disaster events,can provide a new perspective for the study of the effect of social support.[Research method]This study takes Sina Weibo as the data source,uses machine learning model to divide the social support information into the supply dimension of"information message""opinion message""emotion message"and the seeking dimension of"action message",and studies the social support information from three aspects:diffusion structure,transformation law and information characteristics.[Research conclusion]The results show that social support information has the characteristics of mismatched seeking and supply in the process of diffusion,and the vulnerable groups are faced with the dual dilemma of original information marginalization and poor communication effect,when seek online social support.