不同方式对中学生营养教育效果分析

Evaluation of Different Ways of Nutrition Education among Middle School Students

目的:分析南京市中学生不同方式营养教育后营养知识掌握情况,了解分析中学生健康态度及营养知识薄弱点,为完善中学生营养教育的方式和内容提供参考。方法:采用分层整群抽样方法选取南京市1 200名中学生,分现场讲座和线上共学两组进行营养教育后,完成匿名调查问卷。结果:南京市中学生整体健康态度较好,线上共学组学生在关心健康(P<0.001)和改变不良饮食习惯(P<0.001)方面态度更佳;中学生食物营养知识比疾病营养知识掌握更好,线上共学组学生掌握更佳(P<0.05);高年级学生较低年级学生营养知识掌握更好(P<0.001);与现场讲座组相比,线上共学组学生食物营养(P<0.001)和疾病营养(P<0.001)得分均较高,营养知识综合得分更高(P<0.001)。结论:南京市中学生健康态度较好,教育后高年级学生营养知识掌握更好,线上共学模式学生营养知识掌握度更高。研究提示可根据学生营养知识薄弱点有针对性地制定营养教育内容,选择能够发挥学习自主性和有家长共同参与的营养教育方式可获得更佳效果。

Objective:Analyze the mastery of nutrition knowledge of middle school students in Nanjing after different methods of nutrition education,understand and analyze the weak points of middle school students’ health attitudes and nutrition knowledge,and provide reference for improving the methods and content of nutrition education for middle school students. Methods:By stratified cluster sampling,an anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 200 middle school students after nutrition education by after onsite lectures and online learning,the two groups conducted nutrition education. Results:Middle school students in Nanjing had positive healthy attitudes,students of online group care more about health(P<0.001)and willing to change poor dietary habits(P<0.001).Nutrition knowledge of food was known better than that of disease and it was known better in students of online group(P<0.05). The seniors got higher scores of nutrition knowledge after education(P<0.001). Compared with the seminar group,students in online group got higher scores of food nutrition(P < 0.001)and disease nutrition(P < 0.001),and the comprehensive score of nutritional knowledge was higher(P < 0.001). Conclusion:Middle school students in Nanjing had positive healthy attitudes,the seniors got higher scores after nutrition education,students of online group got higher scores of nutrition knowledge. Middle school nutrition education should be developed with targeted education content,education with learning autonomy and parents participation can obtain better effect.