从《魏晋风度及文章与药及酒之关系》看鲁迅文学史观的建构

From the Article“The Relationship between Wei-Jin Demeanor and Articles and Medicine and Wine”to See Lu Xun’s View of Literary History Construction

《魏晋风度及文章与药及酒之关系》在探讨“魏晋风度”与药及酒关系的同时,也在探讨“文章”与药及酒之关系。“药”为了医治身体,而身体又可作为政治的隐喻。“酒”成了麻醉身心,或苦中作乐,或避祸全身的工具。而“魏晋风度”就是在这样的乱世中,所作的自我调适与面对。鲁迅注意到当时政治局势下的社会现象、文化思想,以及文人作品的表现,从曹操专权的政治环境,转向文人服药饮酒,以此窥探文人心态,并带出文章特色。一方面反映了现实生活,一方面澄清人们对某些人的误解。而从鲁迅生平与其它作品重新审视此篇文章可以发现,文章除了有其时代意义、文化渊源外,也与鲁迅本人的生平息息相关。

“The Relationship between Wei-Jin Demeanor and Articles and Medicine and Wine”not only explores the relationship between Wei-Jin demeanor and medicine and wine,but also explores the relationship between articles and medicine and wine.“Medicine”is for healing the body,and the body can be used as a political metaphor.“Wine”has become a tool to anesthetize the body and mind,or to have fun in suffering,or to avoid disasters.And“Wei-Jin demeanor”is the self-adjustment and facing up to such troubled times.Lu Xun noticed the social phenomena,cultural thoughts and the performance of literati’s works in the political situation at that time,and turned from Cao Cao’s authoritarian political environment to literati’s taking medicine and drinking,so as to spy on literati’s mentality and bring out the characteristics of the article.On the one hand,it reflects real life,on the other hand,it clarifies people’s misunderstanding of some people.Re-examining this article from Lu Xun’s life and other works,we can find that the article is closely related to Lu Xun’s own life,besides its epoch significance and cultural origin.