2016—2020年中国麻风病流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of leprosy in China from 2016 to 2020

目的分析2016—2020年中国麻风病的流行病学特征,为进一步消除麻风危害提供科学依据。方法对2016—2020年全国(不包括香港地区、澳门地区和台湾地区)麻风病疫情监测年度报表进行数据整理和统计分析。结果2016—2020年,全国共累计报告新发麻风病患者2697例,其中儿童46例(1.71%)、女性894例(33.15%)、流动人口374例(13.87%)、多菌型2443例(90.58%)和2级畸残患者546例(20.24%);发现复发患者203例。到2020年底,全国登记现症麻风病患者1893例,较2010年(6032例)减少68.62%;36(1.2%)个县(市)患病率大于1/10万,新发麻风病患者中2级畸残患者72例(17.73%)。结论2016—2020年我国麻风病报告发病率和患病率逐年稳步下降,麻风病继续保持整体低流行状态。

Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of leprosy in China from 2016 to 2020,and to provide a scientific basis for further elimination of leprosy.Methods Data collation and statistical analysis were conducted on annual reports on leprosy epidemic surveillance in China(excluding Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan regions)from 2016 to 2020.Results From 2016 to 2020,a total of 2697 new cases of leprosy were reported in China,including 46(1.71%)children,894(33.15%)females,374(13.87%)floating people,2443(90.58%)multibacillary cases,and 546(20.24%)cases of grade 2 disabilities.A total of 203 relapsed cases were reported in the meantime.By the end of 2020,there had been 1893 registered leprosy cases in China,and the number of cases was 68.62%fewer than that in 2010(6032 cases);there were 36(1.2%)counties or cities with a prevalence rate above 1 per 100000,and 72(17.73%)new cases suffered from grade 2 disabilities.Conclusion From 2016 to 2020,the reported incidence and prevalence of leprosy in China steadily decreased year by year,and overall,leprosy was still lowly prevalent.