社会文化变迁下青年流行话语的建构与传播——基于“小镇做题家”的文本分析与出圈逻辑研究

Discourse Construction and Communication under Socio-cultural Change:A Study of Text Analysis and Out-of-Circle Logic on“Small-Town Swot”

作为一种直接反映社会群体生活境况的亚文化现象,“小镇做题家”话语的出现有其深刻的社会文化根源,即转型期的阶层固化、高校扩张的受益不均以及城乡素质教育的差异。本文从文本叙事结构、话语传播实践、社会文化实践等三个向度考察“小镇做题家”的话语建构与传播过程,揭示其隐含的社会性逻辑。在文本叙事结构上,该话语围绕“小镇与城市”“题海战术与素质教育”和“做题家与人生赢家”三组对立展开。在话语传播实践上,通过圈层话语的形成与出圈扩散实现了话语公共化——作为强势模因引发同温层共振,媒介报道实现话题公共化,与社会议题接合形成意义变迁。在社会文化实践上,既展现了小镇青年教育竞争困境与群体焦虑意识,又作为一种话语反抗展示了小镇青年的日常生活实践,影响和改变着当下的社会文化生产。

As a subcultural phenomenon that directly reflects the living conditions of social groups,the emergence of the discourse of"small-town swot"has its deep socio-cultural roots,namely,the solidification of classes during the transition period,the uneven benefits of college expansion,and the difference between urban and rural quality education.This paper examines the construction and dissemination practices of the"small-town swot"from three perspectives:the narrative structure of the text,the dissemination practices of the discourse,and social and cultural practice,in order to reveal the implied social logic.In terms of the narrative structure of the text,it presents three opposing narrative structures:"small town and city","rote learning and quality education",and"rote learner and life winner",which are expressed in three levels:space,action,and subject.In the practice of discourse communication,the publicization of discourse is realized through the formation of circles and the proliferation of out-of-circles,in which,as a strong memes,it triggers the resonance of the stratosphere,and the media coverage realizes the publicization of topics,and the engagement with social issues forms a change of meaning.In terms of social and cultural practices,it not only shows the dilemma of educational and anxiety of the group,but also shows the daily life practices of small town youth as a kind of discourse resistance,which influences and changes the current cultural production.