城市访客活动时空分布特征及其影响因素研究--以南京为例

Analyzing the Spatial Characteristics and the Influence Factors of City Visitors' Activity:A Case Study of Nanjing

访客是城市实际服务管理人口的重要组成部分,推动城市公共资源按实际服务管理人口优化配置,需要对访客的行为特征和需求进行深入研究。文章以"用户识别-特征描述-影响因素分析"为逻辑,基于手机信令数据,构建城市访客活动空间特征研究方法框架。以南京为例,分析访客和居民活动时空分布差异,从4个空间尺度比较不同来源地的访客活动时空分布特征,并采用GWR模型分析活动分布的影响因素,探讨城市各类空间的供需特征。研究发现:访客活动相比居民有明显的空间偏好,主要集中于新街口、南京南站和南京站两大对外交通枢纽;访客活动分布有明显的周期性特征,一天中存在早晚两个活动集聚的高峰时段;各类空间对不同来源地访客的影响特征不同,来源地越近的访客活动时空弹性越小,目的性越强。研究结论反映城市空间各类功能的需求特征和辐射能力,可为城市空间功能优化和人口管控提供参考。

With the increasing frequency of inter-regional short-term population movements,the activities of short-term visitors within the urban space are more complex and diverse.Hence,the actual population of a city exceeds the permanent population.However,few studies have focused on the interaction between visitors and urban space.This study constructed a research framework on the spatial characteristics and influence factors of visitors'activity,aiming to have a deeper understanding of urban spatial function.With many advantages in analyzing activity space,mobile phone signaling data is used in our study.After filtering the data through certain rules,spatial analysis and statistical methods are used to analyze the spatial-temporal distribution of activities and the GWR model is used to analyze the influence factors of the distribution.The study revealed that the activity space of visitors in Nanjing has a major center and two gathering points.The spatial distribution of visitor activities has obvious periodicity,and there are two peak periods in one day.There are also great differences in the types of activities of visitors from different regions,indicating the different functions of Nanjing's urban space for visitors from different regions.The results of this paper can provide a scientific basis for the optimization of urban spatial functions,service capacity,and management efficiency.