佳木斯市某社区高血压家族史高血压患者血压随季节变化调查分析

Investigation and analysis of seasonal changes in blood pressure of hypertensive patients with family history of hypertension in a community in Jiamusi City

目的:探讨高血压家族史高血压患者血压、住院人数、口服降压药物种类与季节变化的关系。方法:选取2021-03~2022-02佳木斯市南岗社区18~65岁高血压患者312例,分为有高血压家族史(FH+)组187例,无高血压家族史(FH-)组125例。调查不同季节血压、住院人数、口服降压药物种类。结果:FH+和FH-高血压患者血压均秋季血压最高,夏季最低(P<0.05);FH+高血压患者春季、秋季和冬季血压均高于FH-相同季节血压(P<0.05)。FH+组春季、秋季和冬季因脑血管疾病(CVD)住院人数均多于FH-组(P<0.05),FH+组在不同季节里住院人数夏季最少,秋季最多(P<0.01)。FH+和FH-高血压患者冬季服用降压药种类为3种及以上的占比最多,夏季占比最少(P<0.01);四个季节FH+高血压患者服用降压药种类为3种及以上的占比均高于FH-高血压患者(P<0.05)。结论:加强秋季社区高血压患者管理,尤其是FH+高血压患者,预防CVD。

Objective:To investigate the relationship between blood pressure,number of hospital stays,types of oral antihypertensive drugs and seasonal changes in hypertensive patients with a family history of hypertension.Methods:A total of 312 patients with hypertension aged 18~65 years old in Nangang Community,Jiamusi City from March 2021~February 2022 were selected,and 187 cases were divided into the group with family history of hypertension(FH+)and 125 cases in the group without family history of hypertension(FH-).Blood pressure,number of hospitalizations,and types of oral antihypertensive drugs were investigated in different seasons.Results:Both patients with FH+and FH-hypertension had the highest blood pressure in autumn and lowest in summer(P<0.05);The blood pressure of patients with hypertension in the FH+group was higher than that in the FH-group in spring,autumn and winter(P<0.05).The number of hospitalizations due to CVD in spring,autumn and winter in the FH+group was higher than that in the FH-group(P<0.05).The FH+group had the lowest number of hospitalizations in summer and the highest in autumn(P<0.01)in different seasons.Patients with hypertension in the FH+group and FH-group had the largest proportion of three or more types of antihypertensive drugs in winter and the smallest proportion in summer(P<0.01).The proportion of antihypertensive patients in the FH+group taking three or more antihypertensive drugs in the four seasons was higher than that in the FH-group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Strengthen the management of hypertensive patients in the autumn community,especially FH+hypertension patients,and prevent CVD.