基于IMB模型的社区干预对冠心病患者的作用效果评价

Review on effect of community intervention based on information-motion-behavior model in patients with coronary heart disease

目的 探讨基于信息-动机-行为(IMB)模型的社区干预对冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)患者的作用效果。方法 纳入2020年10月至2022年2月于西安某社区招募的92例冠心病患者进行研究,采用随机数表法分为观察组和对照组,每组各46例。对照组采用常规社区干预,观察组采用基于IMB模型的社区干预,均连续干预3个月。比较两组干预前后患者冠心病相关知识评定调查表、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)、冠心病自我管理行为量表(CSMS)评分的变化及运动依从性。结果 干预后,观察组患者冠心病相关知识掌握情况、GSES评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组CSMS量表中,日常生活管理、疾病医学管理、情绪认知管理评分及总分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组运动总依从率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 采用IMB模型的干预有助于提高冠心病患者对于疾病相关知识的掌握,并积极改善患者自我效能感、自我管理行为、运动依从性,值得推广。

Objective To investigate the effect of community intervention based on model of informationmotion-behavior(IMB) in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD). Methods CHD patients(n=92) were chosen from a community in Xi`an from Oct. 2020 to Feb. 2022, and were divided, by using random digital table, into observation group and control group(each n=46). The control group was given routine community intervention and observation group was given the community intervention based on IMB model for 3 months. The changes of scores of CHD knowledge assessment questionnaire, General Self-efficacy Scale(GSES) and Coronary Heart Disease Selfmanagement Behavior Scale(CSMS) and exercise compliance were compared between 2 groups before and after the intervention. Results After the intervention, the level of CHD-related knowledge cognition and scores of GSES were higher in observation group than those in control group(P<0.05). In CSMS, the scores and total score of daily life management, medical management of diseases and motion cognitive management were all higher in observation group than those in control group(P<0.05). The total exercise compliance was significantly higher in observation group than that in control group(P<0.05). Conclusion The community intervention based on IMB is helpful to improvement of disease related knowledge cognition in CHD patients, and can actively improve self-efficacy, selfmanagement behavior and exercise compliance, which is worthy of application and promotion.