牛细管冻精有效精子数技术应用

Application of Cryopreservation of Bovine Sperm in Vitro

目的:肉牛顶级种公牛基因是数百年物种进化的成果,是国内一流育种科技的载体,是一种不可或缺的种质资源,对于一个国家更是战略资源。在不影响母牛受胎率的情况下,通过降低牛细管有效精子数,提高种公牛的冻精产量,提升优质种公牛的利用率。方法:研究种公牛饲草料的最佳营养配方,提高原精密度和活力;研究生产牛冻精有效精子数400万、500万、600万、700万、800万的冻精,开展受胎率差异性试验研究,确定0.25μL牛细管冻精不影响牛受胎率的最低有效精子数。结果:通过调整种公牛的饲料配方能有效提高鲜精活力、冻后活力;配种试验表明牛冻精有效精子数可降低到600万,可参与黄牛冷配工作,能有效提高优质种公牛的利用率,其经济效益和社会效益显著。结论:改进饲料中的营养成分有效提高原精密度和活力,降低有效精子数能够更好地提高优秀种公牛的遗传利用率。

Objective:The gene of the top breed of beef cattle is the result of hundreds of years of species evolution.It is the carrier of domestic first-class breeding technology,an indispensable germplasm resource,and even a strategic resource for a country.Without affecting the conception rate of cows,the frozen sperm yield of breeding bulls can be increased by reducing the number of available sperm in fine tubules,and the utilization rate of high-quality breeding bulls can be improved.Methods:The optimum nutritional formula of forage for growing bulls was studied to improve raw precision and vitality.The effective sperm count of bovine frozen sperm was 4 million,5 million,6 million,7 million and 8 million,and the difference of conception rate was studied to determine the minimum effective sperm count of bovine fine tube frozen sperm of 0.25 μL without affecting the conception rate of bovine.Results:The vigor of fresh essence and frozen vigor of breeding bulls could be improved effectively by adjusting the feed formula.The mating experiment showed that the effective sperm count of frozen bovine sperm could be reduced to 6 million,which could participate in the cold mating work of yellow cattle,effectively improve the utilization rate of highquality breeding bulls,and its economic and social benefits were significant.Conclusion:Improving dietary nutrient composition can effectively improve raw precision and vitality,and reducing effective sperm count can better improve genetic utilization of excellent breeding bulls.