新疆乌鲁木齐市老年人医养护需求及人群特征分析

Analysis of the demand for the integration of medical, elderly care and nursing care services and characteristics of population in Urumqi Xinjiang

[目的]调查乌鲁木齐市老年人的医养护需求状况,为居民选择医养结合、政府发展医养结合提供有针对性的指导和建议。[方法]采用问卷调查收集数据,运用SPSS 26.0进行描述性分析、卡方检验。[结果]90.74%的调查对象有医养结合服务需求,对其进行人群特征分析表明,老年人选择医养结合服务意愿在年龄、文化水平、月收入、退休前职业上等有差异(P<0.05),其中60~70岁老年人选择人数最多;家庭因素中,有医养结合需求和无医养结合需求的老年人在子女数和子女看望的频率上选择存在差异(P<0.05),且选择医养结合服务的老年群体其子女数及子女看望的频率较高;在经济负担方面,月收入水平是老年人选择医养结合养老模式的焦点因素;从老年人的健康状况来看,69.6%的调查对象都患有慢性病,且对医养结合需求较高。[结论]老年人对医养结合选择意愿较强烈,对其医养护需求内容程度均较高,其康乐服务、康复保健及医疗服务需求程度最高,但个人支出费用是老年人选择医养结合养老模式的焦点因素,制约着老人的实际需求。

Objective To investigate the the demand for the integration of medical, elderly care and nursing care services in Urumqi and provide targeted guidance and suggestions for residents to choose the integration of medical and elderly care services and the government to develop the integration of medical and elderly care services.Methods Data were collected by questionnaire, and descriptive analysis and chi-square test were carried out by SPSS 26.0.Results 90.74% of the respondents had a demand for the integration of medical and elderly care services. The analysis of characteristics of population showed that there were differences of the willingness of the elderly to choose the integration of medical and elderly care services in age, education level, monthly income and pre-retirement occupation(P<0.05),among which the number of the elderly aged 60-70 years old was the most. In terms of family factors, there were differences in the number of children and the frequency of children visits for the elderly with and without the demand for the integration of medical and elderly care services(P<0.05),and the number of children and the frequency of children visits were high in the elderly group who chose the integration of medical and elderly care services. In terms of economic burden, monthly income was the focus factor for the elderly to choose the integration of medical and elderly care services. From the perspective of the health status of the elderly, 69.6% of the respondents suffered from chronic diseases and had a high demand for the integration of medical and elderly care services.Conclusions The elderly have a strong willingness and high degree of demand for the integration of medical and elderly care services. Their demands for recreational services, rehabilitation, health care and medical services are the highest, but personal expenditure is the focus factor for the elderly to choose the integration of medical and elderly care services, which restricts their actual needs.