生成词库理论视野下的英语名源动词研究

A Study of the English Denominal Verbs Based on the Theory of Generative Lexicon

英语中存在大量的由名词发展而来的动词。名源动词是集中体现名词和动词之间密切关系的语言现象。从名源动词在起源名词的物性结构中所充当的物性角色来看,英语中投射到名源动词词义的物性角色有处置、施成、行为、定位、功用、形式6类。不同物性角色所在的物性结构语义表达式有所不同,与之相对应的名源动词在句法分布上也有所不同。在物性角色跟起源名词的语义场分布的对应方面,存在着一对一和一对多两种情况;在名源动词语义类型跟起源名词物性角色的对应方面,主事、处所、施事、工具、终点这5种类型的名源动词跟起源名词在物性角色是一一对应的关系,而受事和结果这2种类型的名源动词跟起源名词在物性角色则不是一一对应的关系。

There is a large number of verbs in English that are derived from nouns.Denominal verbs are linguistic phenomena that concentrate on the close relationship between nouns and verbs.From the perspective of the qualia structure of the origin noun,there are six qualia roles projected into the meaning of the denominal verb in English:handle,agentive,action,orientation,telic and formal.The semantic expressions of the qualia structure of different qualia roles are different,and the corresponding denominal verbs are also different in syntactic distribution.There are one-to-one and one-to-many situations in the correspondence between the qualia roles and the distribution of semantic field of origin noun.In terms of the correspondence between the semantic types of denominal verbs and the qualia roles of origin nouns,there is a one-to-one correspondence between the five semantic types of denominal verbs and the qualia roles of origin nouns:theme,location,agent,instrument and goal.However,there is no one-to-one correspondence between the two semantic types of patient and result.