北京市某高校大学生人格外倾性在社会支持与体育锻炼间的调节作用分析

Analysis on Moderating Effect of Extroversion Between Social Support and Physical Activity Among College Students in a University in Beijing

目的:探索人格外倾性特征在大学生社会支持与体育锻炼行为间的调节作用,为提高大学生体育锻炼水平和构建良好的社会支持环境提供参考。方法:采用典型抽样和分层整群抽样法抽取北京市某高校434名大学生进行问卷调查,并对数据进行描述性统计分析、单因素分析、多重线性回归分析。结果:人格外倾性对社会支持与体育锻炼的关联具有调节作用。人格外倾性低的人群中体育锻炼关联因素从强到弱依次为同伴示范行为(β=0.281,P<0.001)、家庭示范行为(β=0.175,P<0.05)、同伴情感支持(β=0.169,P<0.05);人格外倾性高的人群中体育锻炼关联因素从强到弱依次为同伴示范行为(β=0.241,P<0.001)、同伴情感支持(β=0.162,P<0.05)、家庭情感支持(β=0.129,P<0.05)。结论:大学生同伴支持与体育锻炼的关联强于家庭支持,该特点在外倾性高的人群中更突出。外倾性高的人群中,情感支持与体育锻炼的关联更强;外倾性低的人群中,示范行为与体育锻炼的关联性更强。因此,在不同外倾性水平的大学生中,应有针对性地采取促进社会支持的干预措施,以提高大学生的体育锻炼水平。

Objective:To explore the moderating effect of extroversion on the association between social support and physical activity behavior among college students, so as to provide references for improving college students’ physical activity level and creating a good social support environment. Methods: Using typical sampling and stratified cluster sampling, 434 college students from a university in Beijing were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey, and the data were used for descriptive statistical analysis, univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: Extroversion was a moderator between social support and physical activity. In the group with low level of extroversion, the relevant factors affecting physical activity in the order from strong to weak were peer modelling behavior(β=0.281, P<0.001), family modelling behavior(β=0.175, P<0.05), and peer emotional support(β=0.169, P<0.05). In the group with high level of extroversion, the relevant factors affecting physical activity in the order from strong to weak were peer modelling behavior(β=0.241, P<0.001), peer emotional support(β=0.162, P<0.05), and family emotional support(β=0.129, P<0.05). Conclusion: The association between peer support and physical activity is stronger than that of family support among college students, especially in the group with high level of extroversion. The association between emotional support and physical activity is more prominent in the group with high level of extroversion, and the association between modelling behavior and physical activity is stronger in the group with low level of extroversion. Therefore, targeted interventions to promote social support should be taken to improve the level of college students’ physical activity among college students with different levels of extroversion.