健康中国视角下《乡村医生从业管理条例》修订研究

Study on the Revision of Regulations on the Practice Management of Rural Doctors from the Perspective of Health China

乡村医生作为健康中国战略“强化基层诊疗服务体系”的关键,面临队伍稳定性差、执业规范性差等问题。见诸于规范,当前我国乡村医生权利保障与执业规制存在权利保障投入度不够、培训与继续教育制度不健全、“尊医重卫”氛围不浓厚、准入门槛过低、违法执业规制不足等问题。乡村医生制度改革应及时确立法律指引,规范及时修订有助于改革措施的落地。除关注中央政策及上位法律变动外,地方立法及政策中的有益经验亦应吸收,诸如表彰宣传乡村医生优秀事迹、建立高校医学毕业生免试注册通道、实施多元化的职业培训制度、全方位提高乡村医生待遇等。鉴于此,修订《乡村医生从业管理条例》的具体路径为:第一,确立适宜的立法目的,营造“尊医重卫”的良好社会氛围;第二,完善执业注册制度、优化权利与义务设置,为乡村医生合法执业保驾护航;第三,强化乡村医生培训与考核,提升乡村医生诊疗服务质量;第四,设置保障措施专章,明确政府职责;第五,织牢乡村医生法律责任网,严厉打击违法执业行为。

Rural doctors, as the key of "strengthening grassroots medical service system" in the Healthy China strategy, are faced with problems such as poor stability of the team and poor standardization of practice. There are some problems in the protection of rights and practice regulations of rural doctors in China, such as insufficient investment in protection of rights, imperfect training and continuing education system, weak atmosphere of "respecting medicine and valuing health", low entry threshold and insufficient illegal practice regulations. In the reform of rural doctor system, legal guidelines should be established in time, and timely revision of norms is conducive to the implementation of reform measures. In addition to paying attention to central policies and changes in upper laws, beneficial experiences in local legislation and policies should also be absorbed, such as praising and publicizing excellent deeds of rural doctors, establishing exam-free registration channels for medical graduates of colleges and universities, implementing diversified vocational training systems, and comprehensively improving the treatment of rural doctors. In view of this, the specific path to amend the regulations on the management of rural doctors’ practice is as follows. First, to establish appropriate legislative purpose and create a good social atmosphere of "respecting medicine and valuing health". Second, to improve the practice registration system, optimize the setting of rights and obligations, so as to protect the legal practice of rural doctors. Third, to strengthen the training and assessment of rural doctors, so as to improve the quality of medical services of rural doctors. Fourth, to set up a special chapter on safeguard measures to clarify the responsibilities of the government. Fifth, to weave a strong legal liability network for rural doctors and severely crack down on illegal practices.