玛曲县藏族小学生患龋的影响因素分析

Influencing factors of caries among Tibetan primary school students in Maqu County

目的了解甘肃省玛曲县藏族小学生患龋情况及影响因素,为少数民族地区儿童龋病防治工作提供参考。方法采用多阶段整群抽样方法,抽取玛曲县2所小学的三~六年级藏族学生为调查对象。通过问卷调查收集小学生的基本信息、饮食习惯和口腔卫生习惯,检查患龋情况;采用多因素Poisson回归分析龋齿数的影响因素。结果调查藏族小学生387人,患龋334例,患龋率为86.30%,龋均为4.72±2.69。Poisson回归分析结果显示,年级(五,IRR=0.791,95%CI:0.706~0.886;六,IRR=0.698,95%CI:0.593~0.822)、蔬菜摄入频率(<1次/d,IRR=0.872,95%CI:0.778~0.978;1次/d,IRR=0.769,95%CI:0.677~0.873;≥2次/d,IRR=0.571,95%CI:0.469~0.696)、刷牙频率(1次/d,IRR=0.814,95%CI:0.734~0.904;≥2次/d,IRR=0.606,95%CI:0.521~0.703)和口腔检查(IRR=0.736,95%CI:0.594~0.911)是龋齿数的影响因素。结论玛曲县三~六年级藏族学生患龋率为86.30%,年级、饮食习惯和口腔卫生习惯是患龋的影响因素。

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of caries among Tibetan primary school students in Maqu County,Gansu Province,so as to provide insights into caries control among children living in ethnic minority areas.MethodsTibetan primary school students at grades three to six were sampled from two primary schools in Maqu County using a multi-stage cluster sampling method.Primary school students’demographics,dietary habits and oral health habits were collected using questionnaire surveys,and the caries was tested.Factors affecting the development of caries were identified using a multivariable Poisson regression model.ResultsA total of 378 Tibetan primary school students were tested,and there were 334 students with caries,with a caries prevalence rate of 86.30%,and a mean caries number of(4.72±2.69)teeth.Multivariable Poisson regression analysis showed that grade(grade 5,IRR=0.791,95%CI:0.706-0.886;grade 6,IRR=0.698,95%CI:0.593-0.822),frequency of vegetable intake(less than once daily,IRR=0.872,95%CI:0.778-0.978;once daily,IRR=0.769,95%CI:0.677-0.873;twice and more daily,IRR=0.571,95%CI:0.469-0.696),frequency of tooth brushing(once daily,IRR=0.814,95%CI:0.734-0.904;twice and more daily,IRR=0.606,95%CI:0.521-0.703)and frequency of oral examinations(IRR=0.736,95%CI:0.594-0.911)were influencing factors of caries.ConclusionThe prevalence of caries is 86.30%among Tibetan primary school students at grades 3to 6 in Maqu County,and age,dietary habit and oral health habit are factors affecting the development of caries.