深圳市医疗机构眼科资源配置公平性分析

Equity of resource allocation in ophthalmology departments of medical institutions in Shenzhen City

目的分析深圳市医疗机构眼科资源配置公平性,为优化深圳市眼科资源配置提供依据。方法通过《2019年深圳市卫生统计年鉴》收集深圳市医疗机构眼科床位数和眼科医师数资料,采用洛伦茨曲线和基尼系数分析深圳市眼科资源分布和配置公平性。结果2019年深圳市每10万常住人口有眼科床位5.95张,眼科医师4.62人;其中原特区内(包括罗湖区、福田区、南山区和盐田区)每10万常住人口有眼科床位13.35张,眼科医师9.51人,原特区外(包括光明区、宝安区、龙华区、龙岗区、坪山区和大鹏新区)每10万常住人口有眼科床位2.17张,眼科医师2.13人。全市眼科床位和眼科医师按照常住人口分布的基尼系数分别为0.348和0.243,原特区内眼科床位和眼科医师基尼系数分别为0.386和0.386,原特区外眼科床位和眼科医师基尼系数分别为0.086和0.012。与原特区内相比,原特区外眼科床位和眼科医师的洛伦茨曲线比较接近公平线。结论深圳市医疗机构眼科床位和眼科医师总量有待提升,区域配置公平性较差,主要表现为原特区外眼科资源缺乏。

Objective To investigate equity of resource allocation in ophthalmology departments of medical institutions in Shenzhen City,so as to provide insights into the optimization of resource allocation in ophthalmology departments in Shenzhen City.MethodsThe numbers of beds and ophthalmologists in ophthalmology departments of medical institu-tions in Shenzhen City were collected through the Shenzhen Health Statistical Yearbook 2019.The distribution of re-sources and equity of resource allocation were evaluated in ophthalmology departments of Shenzhen City using Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient.ResultsThere were 5.95 beds and 4.62 ophthalmologists in ophthalmology departments per100000 permanent residents in Shenzhen City in 2019.There were 13.35 beds and 9.51 ophthalmologists in ophthal-mology departments per 100000 permanent residents within the former special zone(Luohu,Futian,Nanshan and Yan-tian districts),and 2.17 beds and 2.13 ophthalmologists in ophthalmology departments per 100000 permanent residents outside the former special zone(Guangming,Baoan,Longhua,Longgang,Pingshan districts and Dapeng New Area).The Gini coefficients of beds and ophthalmologists in ophthalmology departments were 0.348 and 0.243 by permanent resi-dents in Shenzhen City,0.386 and 0.386 within the former special zone and 0.086 and 0.012 outside the former spe-cial zone,respectively.The Lorenz curves of beds and ophthalmologists in ophthalmology departments were closer to the equity line outside the former special zone in relative to within the former special zone.ConclusionThe gross number of beds and ophthalmologists remains to be increased in ophthalmology departments of medical institutions in Shenzhen City,and the equity of regional resource allocation is poor,which is mainly characterized by resource scarcity in oph-thalmology departments outside the former special zone.