放射性土壤样品采集不确定度的全程质量控制(SAX)评定方法探讨

Assessment of uncertainty in collecting radioactive soil samples by sampling and analytical quality control(SAX)

采样过程的不确定度是辐射环境监测结果不确定度的一个重要来源,但长期以来,由于采样过程不确定度难以量化,目前辐射环境监测结果的不确定度大都只考虑了分析过程,没有考虑采样过程。利用全程质量控制方法(SAX方法)进行辐射环境监测采样的设计,并采用稳健方差分析方法,可得到采样过程的方差,从而实现对采样过程不确定度的量化。利用该方法进行了一次实际的辐射环境监测,并对土壤样品的结果进行了方差分析,得到了采样不确定度。对监测结果及其不确定度进行了分析,认为SAX方法可以用于指导辐射环境监测,能够进一步优化辐射环境监测方案设计,提高监测质量。

Sampling uncertainty is one of an important part of the uncertainty in radiation environmental monitoring results.Because of the difficulty of quantifying sampling uncertainty,at present,the uncertainty of monitoring results of radiation environment only includes the analysis process,without considering the sampling process.Sampling design using SAX method and data analysis using robust variance analysis method can quantify the uncertainty of sampling process.A batch of actual monitoring data are analyzed by the SAX method,and the sampling uncertainty is obtained.And the uncertainty of monitoring results is studied carefully.It is considered that SAX method can be used to guide the monitoring of radiation environment,so as to optimize the monitoring strategy and to improve the monitoring quality.