代谢组学在肝细胞癌研究中的应用

Application of Metabolomics in Study on Hepatocellular Carcinoma

近年来,代谢组学被广泛应用于肝癌潜在生物标志物的筛选,早期诊断、鉴别及揭示肝癌代谢特征,探索中医证候生物学基础,研究单味中药及复方起效机制等方面。代谢组学平台能够快速筛选出数百种代谢物,并同时监测氨基酸、脂类、碳水化合物和核苷酸等不同途径的代谢物,作为肝癌研究的重要手段,在肝癌代谢研究中展现了巨大的潜力。总结现有研究结果,目前仍缺乏特异性和灵敏性较高的肝癌早期诊断标志物,利用代谢组学寻找肝癌标志物是早期筛查与诊断研究的重要方向;肝癌的治疗趋向于从整体考虑,强调“带瘤生存,与瘤共生”,干预肿瘤细胞代谢、打破肿瘤自身代谢平衡是当下可行的治疗方式,而代谢组学可监测带瘤生存状态下患者的代谢改变,明确药物治疗效果,针对性地指导代谢治疗;中医药治疗肝癌的具体机制尚未阐明,代谢组学可基于中医药辨证论治,探索中医证候本质。此外,还可将代谢组学技术应用于中药复方的研究,探索中药复方作用下体内代谢物的变化,充分挖掘中药复方的作用机制和疗效。

In recent years, metabolomics has been widely used in the screening of potential biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma, early diagnosis, identification and revealing of metabolic characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma, exploring the biological basis of TCM syndromes, and studying the effect mechanism of single TCM and compound.Metabolomics platform can rapidly screen hundreds of metabolites and simultaneously monitor metabolites of different pathways such as amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleotides.As an important means of liver cancer research, it has shown great potential in liver cancer metabolism research.In summary, there is still a lack of specific and sensitive markers for the early diagnosis of liver cancer.The use of metabolomics to search for markers of liver cancer is an important direction of early screening and diagnosis.The treatment of liver cancer tends to be considered from a holistic perspective, emphasizing "survival with tumor, symbiosis with tumor".Intervention of tumor cell metabolism and breaking the metabolic balance of tumor itself are currently feasible therapeutic methods.Metabolomics can monitor the metabolic changes of patients with tumor survival, clarify the effect of drug treatment, and guide metabolic treatment accordingly.The specific mechanism of TCM treatment of liver cancer has not yet been clarified.Metabonomics can explore the essence of TCM syndromes based on TCM syndrome differentiation.In addition, metabolomics technology can also be applied to the study of TCM compounds to explore the changes of metabolites in the body under the action of TCM compounds, and fully explore the mechanism of action and efficacy of TCM compounds.