汉武帝时期敦煌渥洼普氏野马辨析

The Analysis of Wowa Equus przewalskii in Dunhuang during Emperor Wudi of Han Dynasty

汉武帝时期在敦煌渥洼成群野马中捕获奇异马匹,文献认为渥洼野马就是普氏野马。由于历史文献缺乏科学描述,无法准确断定渥洼野马就是普氏野马。通过文献考证,对照普氏野马行为特征,利用最新研究成果展开讨论。结果表明:渥洼奇马与汗血马同类,不太可能是走失的家马,而可能是渥洼野马群内出生的个体,因此推测渥洼野马是家马与某种野马混血而成的野生种群,但不太可能是家马与普氏野马的混血野生种群。总之,渥洼奇马是混血野生种群中出生并显现汗血特征的个体,渥洼野马不太可能是普氏野马。

During the reign of Emperor Wudi of Han Dynasty,exotic horses were captured in a group of wild horses in Dunhuang,suggests that the Wowa horse is Przewalski’s horse.Due to the lack of scientific description in historical documents,it is impossible to accurately identify the Wowa horse as Equus przewalskii.Based on the literature research,the behavior characteristics of Equus przewalskii were compared,and the latest research results were used to discuss.The results showed that the Wowa horse was similar to the ferghana horse,so it was unlikely that the Wowa horse was a lost domestic horse,but it was probably an individual born in the Wowa horse group.Therefore,it was speculated that the Wowa horse was a wild population mixed with a wild horse,but it was unlikely that the wild population mixed with a wild horse and Equus przewalskii.In conclusion,the Wowa horse is an individual born in a hybrid wild population and exhibits ferghana horse characteristics,and the Wowa horse is unlikely to be Equus przewalskii.