广元出土南宋王光祖墓碑考释

A Textual Research on the Gravestone Inscription from the Southern Song Tomb of Wang Guangzu in Guangyuan

2013年12月至2014年1月,四川省文物考古研究院、广元市博物馆对广元水柜村宋墓进行了发掘,墓葬为双室石室墓。墓碑文字显示左墓室墓主为南宋武将王光祖,推测右墓室墓主可能为其妻刘氏。碑文详细记载了王光祖生平信息,王光祖为南宋中期抗金武将,从普通士兵通过战功逐渐晋升至将军,碑文对其升迁过程记载较为详细,其升迁过程与南宋军制也较为契合,是南宋中级武将成长发迹史的具体个案。同时碑文详细记录了墓主多代人的姓名、官阶、职掌以及婚姻情况,可补传世文献之不足。该墓碑记载为研究南宋川陕抗金历史提供了材料,同时对南宋武将家族研究有重要意义。

Sichuan Province Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and Guangyuan Museum excavated a Southern Song stone-chambered tomb in Shuigui Village,Guangyuan from December 2013 to January 2014.It’s a double-chambered tomb,the gravestone inscription of which shows that the occupant of the left chamber is Wang Guangzu,a military officer from the Southern Song Dynasty,and the occupant of the right chamber is presumably his wife.The gravestone is erected outside the door of the left chamber,the inscription of which is detailed,with up to 1084 characters.This paper gives a thorough interpretation and textual research on the content of the gravestone inscription,which records the life of Wang Guangzu.Wang Guangzu was a military officer from the mid Southern Song Dynasty who fought against the aggression of Jin Dynasty.Starting off as an ordinary soldier,he was gradually promoted to general because of his distinctive performance in war.The course of his promotion is recorded in detail and is consistent with the military system of the Southern Song Dynasty.It was a specific case of how an intermediate military officer makes a career in the Southern Song Dynasty.Meanwhile,the inscription provides detailed records of the names,official ranks,duties and marital status of multiple generations in Wang Guangzu’s family,which fills the lack in handed-down literature.The gravestone inscription provides materials for the study of the war against Jin aggression in Sichuan and Shaanxi regions during the Southern Song Dynasty,and is of great significance for the family history study of military officers at that time.