热处理工艺对铜合金性能的影响

Effect of heat treatment process on properties of copper alloy

Cu-Cr-Zr合金由于兼具良好的力学、导热、导电性能,在航天、核工业、电器、电线等领域应用广泛。加工工艺对合金的综合性能影响显著,尤其是热处理工艺和冷变形工艺。因此,探究了热处理工艺(时效温度:440~560℃;时效时间:0~360 min)、冷轧工艺(变形量:40%,60%,80%)对Cu-Cr-Zr合金的维氏硬度和导电率的影响。结果表明:Cu-Cr-Zr合金在950℃固溶60 min,进行60%变形量的冷轧,480℃时效120 min时,可得到维氏硬度和导电率的最佳组合,维氏硬度达152±4,导电率达(83±4)%IACS。通过微观组织观察发现,经过冷轧的Cu-Cr-Zr合金内部有高密度位错,Cr析出相在Cu基体内弥散分布。

Cu-Cr-Zr alloy is widely used in aerospace,nuclear industry,electrical appliances,wires and other fields due to its good mechanical,thermal and electrical properties.The processing technology has a significant impact on the comprehensive properties of the alloy,especially the heat treatment process and cold deformation process.Therefore,the effects of heat treatment processes(aging temperature:440-560°C,aging time:0-360 min)and cold rolling deformation processes(deformation rate:40%,60%,80%)on the Vickers hardness and electrical conductivity of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy were investigated.The results show that the Cu-Cr-Zr alloy has the best combination of Vickers hardness and electrical conductivity after solution at 950°C for 60 min,cold rolling with 60%deformation rate and aging at 480°C for 120 min,the Vickers hardness reaches 152±4,and the electrical conductivity reaches(83±4)%IACS.Through the observation of microstructure,it is found that the Cu-Cr-Zr alloy after cold deformation has high density dislocations inside,and Cr precipitates are dispersed in the Cu matrix.