听觉和视觉线索在人工耳蜗植入儿童感知汉语声调中的作用

The Role of Auditory and Visual Cue in Perception of Mandarin Tones by Children with Cochlear Implant

目的 考察在安静环境和噪声环境下,提供视觉线索是否能帮助人工耳蜗植入儿童准确辨识汉语声调。方法 招募80名学龄前人工耳蜗植入儿童(研究组)和50名健听儿童(对照组),在安静及噪声环境下,通过听录音或看视频并选择与之对应的卡通图片方式,考察儿童在依靠听觉单一线索和依靠听、视觉双线索条件下声调的辨识情况。结果 在安静及噪声环境下,视觉线索会帮助人工耳蜗植入儿童更好地辨认汉语声调,但效果取决于具体声调:在安静环境下,二声在音视频条件下识别率显著高于仅音频条件(P<0.05);在噪声环境下,一声和三声在音视频条件下识别率显著高于仅音频条件(P<0.05)。结论人工耳蜗植入儿童可借助视觉线索(即说话人的面部表情)更准确地辨识汉语声调,为言语康复中声调的感知训练提供启示。

Objective This study investigated whether the additional visual cues increase the identifications of Chinese lexical tone by children with cochlear implants in quiet and noise environment. Method 80 preschool children with cochlear implants and 50 normal hearing controls at the same age participated in the experiment of tone perception in which they were asked to choose the one of two cartoon pictures corresponding to the minimal tone pairs presented in auditory-only modality and auditory-visual modality. Comparison was made between auditory-only perception and auditory-visual perception of lexical tones in both quiet and noise environment. Results Visual modality did improve tone perception by children with cochlear implants in quiet and noise environment but on different tones;in quiet environment the accuracy of tone 2 was lower in auditory than auditory-visual modality significantly(P<0.05) while the accuracy of T1 and T3 were significantly lower in auditory-only than auditory-visual modality in noise environment(P<0.05). Conclusion The facilitation of facial expressions can be found in perception of certain tones by children with cochlear implant under quiet and noise environment, which can be used in speech rehabilitation of hearing-impaired children.