西藏定结县沙化土地封禁保护区沙地与植被演变特征研究

Sandy Land and Vegetation Evolution Characteristics of Banned Reserve of Desertification Land in Dingjie County of Xizang

青藏高原是全球独特的生态地域,也是我国沙化土地最严重的三大地区之一,西藏地区荒漠化沙化一直以来是我国防沙治沙的重点和难点。选取西藏地区定结县作为研究对象,通过防沙治沙新途径研究,以建立沙化土地封禁保护区。结果表明,封禁3年后,封禁区植被盖度提升7.25%,主要由原生植被西藏锦鸡儿和人工植被藏沙蒿贡献,两者分别占总重要值和总优势度的86.1%、83.0%,对固沙作用贡献最大;流动沙地和露沙地减少16.6%,半固定和固定沙地面积增加5.9%,平缓区沙丘移动速度更快,平均速度15.5 m/a。以期为探索高原地区沙化土地防治和生态修复提供科学依据。

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a unique ecological region in the world, and is also one of the three regions with the most serious desertification in China. Desertification in Xizang has always been the focus and difficulty of desertification prevention and control. Dingjie County in Xizang was selected as the research object to establish a closed and protected area for desertification land through the study of new ways of desertification prevention and control. The result showed that after three years of ban, the vegetation coverage in the banned area increased by 7.25%, which was mainly contributed by native vegetation Caragana spinifera and artificial vegetation Artemisia wellbyi, both of which accounted for 86.1% and 83.0% of the total importance and total dominance, respectively, and had a role in sand fixation most contributed;the flowing sandy and open sandy land decreased by 16.6%, and the area of semi-fixed and fixed sandy land increased by 5.9%, and the dunes in the flat area moved faster, with an average speed of 15.5 m/a. The study results were expected to provide scientific basis for the exploration of desertification control and ecological restoration in plateau areas.