数据跨境流动安全的国际规制及其应对策略

An Analysis on International Regulation Strategies of Cross-Border Flow Security of Data

数字时代,为摄取跨境数据流动所引起的“数据主权”“数据石油”“数据安全”和“数据自由”的最大利益,发达国家大多采取进攻性策略巩固其在全球数据流动中的霸权,而印度、中国等发展中国家基于有限理性和国家能力,被迫通过防御性的本地化措施予以应对。可以说,为维护数据跨境流动安全,各国采取的规制策略基本勾勒出全球数据治理格局的图景,也为全球数字治理路径的完善提供一种新分析视角。因此,本文通过审视发达国家和发展中国家规制数据跨境流动安全的策略取向,分析不同规制策略适配数据跨境流动安全的结果,演绎出规制数据跨境流动安全的基本原则,进而在分析中国规制策略不足的基础上,完善中国规制数据跨境流动安全的策略框架。

In the digital age,in order to capture the best interests of“data sovereignty”,“data Petroleum”,“data security”and“data freedom”arising from cross-border flow of data,developed countries have mostly adopted offensive strategies to consolidate their hegemony in global flow of data,while developing countries such as India and China are forced to respond through defensive localization measures based on bounded rationality and national capabilities.It can be said that in order to maintain the cross-border flow security of data,the regulation strategies adopted by various countries basically outline the picture of the global data governance pattern,and also provide a new analytical perspective for the improvement of the global digital governance path.Therefore,this paper examines the strategic orientation of developed and developing countries to regulate the cross-border flow security of data,analyzes the results of different regulation strategies adapting to the cross-border flow security of data,and deduces the basic principles for regulating the cross-border flow security of data,and then improves the strategic framework for regulating the cross-border flow security of data in China on the basis of analyzing the shortcomings of China’s regulation strategies.