零工经济背景下平台治理策略与零工参与者的价值获取——基于外卖平台的单案例研究

Platform Governance Strategies and Value Acquisition of Gig Workers under the Background of Gig Economy:A Single Case Study based on Takeout Platform

互联网平台经济与零工经济的蓬勃发展及二者的相互叠加,为平台企业联结大规模参与者驱动平台生态化成长提供了机会,但也挑战着平台企业管理平台生态系统内众多参与者进而实现参与者之间协同的效率和效果。基于MT外卖平台展开案例研究,发现平台在供求失衡的市场机制和算法技术支持下通过灵活用工模式规避雇佣责任,这对外卖骑手的价值获取产生重要影响。而政府参与制定社会保障、平台反垄断和多元主体赋权等治理方式能够助力外卖骑手扩大价值获取空间,对完善我国平台治理结构具有重要的理论意义,也对实现社会共同富裕具有积极的实践意义。

The boom and overlapping of the platform economy and gig economy provides opportunities for platforms to connect large-scale participants and drives the platforms to achieve ecological growth, but it also challenges the platforms to manage many participants in the platform ecosystem and realize the efficiency and effect of collaboration among participants. A case study based on the MT Takeaway platform finds that,the platform evades employment responsibilities through a flexible employment model under the support of the market mechanism imbalanced in supply and demand and algorithm technology, which has important implications for the value acquisition of takeaway riders. Governance methods, such as the government’s participation in the formulation of social security, platform anti-monopoly, and multi-subject empowerment, can help takeaway riders with value acquisition, which is of great theoretical significance to improving the governance structure of platforms, and also has positive practical significance for realizing common prosperity.