基于高通量测序的三种园林植物叶际真菌多样性及群落结构解析

Phyllosphere Fungal Diversity and Community Structure of Three Garden Plants Based on High-throughput Sequencing

植物叶际真菌与植物健康息息相关,其群落结构和多样性是植物、微生物与其他环境因子相互作用的结果。为了解同一生境下,不同植物叶际真菌群落和多样性差异,确定不同植物对叶际真菌组成的影响,采用高通量测序技术,调查大理大学古城校区校园内50m范围内的大青树(Ficus altissima)、广玉兰(Magnolia grandiflora)和枇杷树(Eriobotyra japonica)三种园林植物叶际真菌群落结构组成。叶际真菌群落Alpha多样性由高到低依次为广玉兰(M. grandiflora)、枇杷树(E. japonica)和大青树(F. altissima)。三种园林植物叶际真菌群落注释阶元中,Ascomycota门,Cladosporium属皆为三种植物叶际真菌群落的优势类群,其相对丰富度略有不同。此外,不同植物也有其特有物种,三种植物叶际真菌群落组成存在明显差异。植物种类决定叶际真菌群落组成及其多样性,不同植物自身的特性会塑造其独特的叶际真菌群落。

The plant health is closely related to phyllosphere fungi, and their community structure and diversity are determined by the mutual activities of plant itself, the microorganisms and other environmental factors. In order to understand the differences of the community structure and diversity of the phyllosphere fungi which comes from different plants in the same habitat, and to determine the influences of different plants on the composition of phyllosphere fungi. The next generation sequencing method were applied to investigate the phyllosphere fungi community structures from three garden plants, including Ficus altissima, Magnolia grandiflora, Eriobotyra japonica,which were located within 50 meters in distance and around the campus of Dali University. The results showed that the alpha diversity of phyllosphere fungi was ranked as M. grandiflora > E. japonica > F. altissima. For the OTU abundance, the genus Cladosporium from phylum Ascomycota was the dominant taxon in all of the three plant phyllosphere fungi communities but the relative abundance was different. In addition, fungus communities from different plants had various endemic taxa, and the assemblies were distinct. The community structures and diversity of plant phyllosphere fungi were determined by the plant species, and the characteristics of different plants could shape their unique phyllosphere fungus communities.